不同池塘混养品种对拟穴青蟹生长、体成分和免疫性能的影响  

Effects of different pond polycultures on growth,body composition and immune performance of mud crab(Scylla paramamosain)

作　　者：周冬平 刘磊 方伟 黄辛联 付媛媛 徐永健[1] 王春琳[1] ZHOU Dongping;LIU Lei;FANG Wei;HUANG Xinlian;FU Yuanyuan;XU Yongjian;WANG Chunlin(School of Marine Sciences,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315832,China;Ningbo Institute of Oceanography,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波315832 [2]宁波海洋研究院,浙江宁波315832

出　　处：《宁波大学学报（理工版）》2023年第5期97-106,共10页Journal of Ningbo University：Natural Science and Engineering Edition

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2019YFD0900405)。

摘　　要：为探讨不同混养品种对拟穴青蟹(Scyllaparamamosain)生长、体成分、免疫性能及水质的影响,分别设置拟穴青蟹单养、拟穴青蟹-日本对虾(Penaeusjaponicus)、拟穴青蟹-日本真鲈(Lateolabraxjaponicus)和拟穴青蟹-方形马珂蛤(Mactraveneriformis)4种养殖方式,开展90 d的养殖试验.结果显示:各组盐度在同一采样时间点均无显著差异;拟穴青蟹-日本对虾组和拟穴青蟹-日本真鲈组的池塘水体p H在第60、90 d显著高于其他组(P<0.05),氨氮在同一采样时间点均显著高于其他组(P<0.05);拟穴青蟹单养组溶解氧在所有时间点均显著高于其他组(P<0.05);拟穴青蟹-日本真鲈组亚硝酸盐氮、硫化物在所有时间点均显著高于其他组(P<0.05);拟穴青蟹-方形马珂蛤组和拟穴青蟹单养组体质量、甲宽在第90 d显著高于其他组(P<0.05),甲长、体高在第60、90 d显著高于其他组(P<0.05),增重率、特定生长率在第60、90 d显著高于其他组(P<0.05),肌肉水分、灰分、粗蛋白在各采样时间点均显著高于其他组(P<0.05),且存活率、平均产量均显著高于其他组(P<0.05);拟穴青蟹-方形马珂蛤组肝胰腺粗蛋白在各采样时间点显著高于其他组(P<0.05),肝胰腺粗脂肪在第60、90 d显著高于其他组(P<0.05),血淋巴酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)在各采样时间点均显著高于其他组(P<0.05);拟穴青蟹-日本真鲈组血淋巴谷草转氨酶(GOT)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)在第30 d显著高于其他组(P<0.05).表明从拟穴青蟹生长、营养品质、免疫性能综合考虑,拟穴青蟹与方形马珂蛤混养效果最佳.The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of different polycultures on the growth,body composition,immune performance and water quality of Scylla paramamosain.A total of four culture methods were set up,including monoculture of S.paramamosain,S.paramamosain-Penaeus japonicus,S.paramamosain-Lateolabrax japonicas and S.paramamosain-Mactr aveneriformis.The duration of the experiment lasted 90 days.The results showed that there was no significant difference in salinity between each group at the same sampling time.On the 60th and 90th day,the pH of pond water in the groups of S.paramamosain-P.japonicus and S.paramamosain-L.japonicus was significantly higher than the other two groups(P<0.05).The ammonia nitrogen was significantly higher than the other groups at the same sampling time(P<0.05).The dissolved oxygen in the S.paramamosain monoculture group was significantly higher than that in any other groups across all time points(P<0.05).Nitrite nitrogen and sulfide in S.paramamosain-L.japonicus group were significantly higher than those in any other groups across all time points(P<0.05).The body weight,carapace width,carapace length and body height of S.paramamosain-M.veneriformis group and S.paramamosain single-cultured group were significantly higher than those of the other groups on the 90th day(P<0.05).The weight gain rate and specific growth rate were significantly higher than those of the other groups on the 60th and 90th days(P<0.05).The crude protein of hepatopancreas in S.paramamosain-M.veneriformis group was significantly higher than that in any other groups at each sampling time point(P<0.05).The crude fat of hepatopancreas was significantly higher than that of the other groups on the 60th and 90th day(P<0.05).The acid phosphatase(ACP)and alkaline phosphatase(AKP)in hemolymph were significantly higher than those in the other groups at each sampling time(P<0.05).On the 30th day,the levels of aspartate aminotransferase(GOT)and alanine aminotransferase(GPT)in hemolymph of S.paramamosain-L.japonicus

关 键 词：拟穴青蟹 混养 水质 生长 体成分 免疫功能 

分 类 号：S968.25[农业科学—水产养殖]