炮弹起始扰动姿轨耦合建模与微多普勒特征分析  

Attitude and Orbital Coupled Modeling and Micro-Doppler Characteristics Analysis of the Projectile

作　　者：宫志华 李开明[2] 段鹏伟 陈春江 GONG Zhihua;LI Kaiming;DUAN Pengwei;CHEN Chunjiang(Unit 63861 of PLA,Baicheng 137001,China;Institute of Information and Navigation,Air Force Engineering University,Xi’an 710077,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军63861部队,白城137001 [2]空军工程大学信息与导航学院,西安710077

出　　处：《雷达学报（中英文）》2023年第4期793-803,共11页Journal of Radars

基　　金：国家部委基金。

摘　　要：基于动力学与运动学原理的雷达回波建模是炮弹目标微多普勒特征分析与参数提取的理论基础。该文首先对炮弹在直线弹道段受到的起始扰动进行分析,结合炮弹目标动力学方程,建立了以两圆运动模式为特征的炮弹角运动模型,阐明了炮弹目标自旋、章动和进动等角运动的含义;在此基础上,推导了炮弹角运动产生的微多普勒信号参数化表征,获得了炮弹目标角运动对目标回波在信号级的映射关系;然后,对高速自旋炮弹和低速自旋尾翼炮弹两种典型目标角运动受起始扰动影响的雷达回波信号进行仿真和时频分析,并基于炮弹目标实测数据对比验证了理论分析与模型的正确性。通过理论分析、建模仿真与实验验证,丰富和验证了炮弹目标的微多普勒效应理论,为炮弹目标运动特性辨识提供了理论和技术支撑。Radar echo modeling based on dynamics and kinematics serves as the theoretical basis for micro-Doppler characteristic analysis and projectile parameter extractions.First,the initial disturbance of a projectile in the straight-line ballistic segment is analyzed.Based on the dynamic equation of the projectile,an angular motion model of the projectile characterized by two circular motion modes is established.Moreover,the motion definitions of projectile spin,nutation,and precession are explained.Subsequently,the parameterized characterization of the micro-Doppler signal produced by the angular motion of the projectile is derived.Furthermore,the mapping relationship between the angular motion of the projectile and the radar echo is obtained at the signal level.Taking high-speed spin projectile and a low-speed spin tail projectile as examples,when the angular motion of the two targets are affected by the initial disturbance,the radar echo signal model of the two targets is simulated and time-frequency analysis is carried out.The validity of the theoretical analysis and the model is verified by comparing the simulation results with the measured data of the projectile.Therefore,the micro-Doppler effect theory of projectile is enriched and verified through theoretical analysis,simulation modeling,and experimental verification.This study provides theoretical and technical support for the identification and analysis of projectile motion characteristics.

关 键 词：微动 微多普勒 起始扰动 角运动 两圆运动 

分 类 号：TN957.51[电子电信—信号与信息处理]