血液肿瘤病人化疗相关味觉改变及其影响因素  

Analysis of chemotherapy⁃related taste changes and its influencing factors in patients with hematological malignancies

作　　者：孙晶晶[1] 王静[1] 朱丹[1] 王芳[1] 曹立云[1] SUN Jingjing;WANG Jing;ZHU Dan;WANG Fang;CAO Liyun(Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 100034 China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院,北京100034

出　　处：《护理研究》2023年第17期3064-3070,共7页Chinese Nursing Research

基　　金：北京大学第一医院科研种子基金项目,编号:2019SF78。

摘　　要：目的:调查血液肿瘤病人化疗相关味觉改变现状,并分析其影响因素。方法:采取便利抽样法,选择北京市某三级甲等医院血液内科病房血液肿瘤化疗病人200例,采用自行设计的一般资料调查表收集病人的人口学资料和疾病相关资料,采用化疗相关味觉改变量表中文版测评病人味觉改变情况,采用健康促进策略量表测评病人自我效能水平。采用Logistic回归方程探讨影响血液肿瘤病人味觉改变的因素。结果:200例病人中,166例病人出现味觉改变,发生率为83.0%。化疗相关味觉改变量表总分为(7.47±2.98)分,多为轻中度改变。Logistic回归分析结果显示,化疗后口干、口腔黏膜炎、疾病诊断及化疗疗程是血液肿瘤病人化疗相关味觉改变的影响因素(P<0.05)。同时,病人的自我效能水平与味觉改变呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论:血液肿瘤病人化疗相关味觉改变发生率高,医护人员应重点关注化疗疗程长、化疗后出现口干和(或)口腔黏膜炎的血液肿瘤病人,并及时进行评估及干预,减少味觉改变所致的不良影响。Objective:To investigate the status quo of chemotherapy⁃related taste changes in patients with hematological malignancies and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:200 patients with hematological malignancies undergoing chemotherapy in the department of hematology in a tertiary grade A hospital in Beijing were selected by convenient sampling method.Demographic data and disease related data were collected with self⁃designed general information questionnaire.The Chinese version of the Chemotherapy⁃Induced Taste Alteration Scale was used to evaluate the taste changes of the patients,and the Health Promotion Strategy Scale was used to evaluate the self⁃efficacy of the patients.Binary logistic regression equation was used to explore the factors affecting taste changes in patients with hematological malignancies.Results:Among the 200 patients,166 patients had taste changes,the incidence was 83.0%.The total score of chemotherapy⁃induced taste alteration scale was 7.47±2.98,most of which were mild to moderate changes.The results of multivariate regression analysis showed that the presence or absence of xerostomia after chemotherapy,the presence or absence of oral mucositis,disease diagnosis and chemotherapy course were the influencing factors of chemotherapy-related taste changes in patients with hematological malignancies(P<0.05).At the same time,patients'self-efficacy levels were negatively correlated with taste changes(P<0.05).Conclusions:The incidence of chemotherapy⁃related taste changes in patients with hematological malignancies was high.Medical staff should focus on leukemia patients with long chemotherapy course,xerostomia and(or)oral mucositis after chemotherapy,and timely evaluate and intervene to reduce the adverse effects caused by taste changes.

关 键 词：血液肿瘤 味觉改变 化疗 影响因素 自我效能 调查研究 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]