现代城市社区邻里生成机理探讨——基于互惠理论视角  

Discussion on the Mechanism of Neighborhood Generation in Modern Urban Communities:From the Perspective of Reciprocity Theory

作　　者：陈伟东 程晨[1] Chen Weidong;Cheng Chen

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学政治与国际关系学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]华中师范大学湖北城市社区建设研究中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《中州学刊》2023年第9期82-90,共9页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“基层党建引领辖区单位参与社区治理机制创新研究”(20BDJ030)。

摘　　要：新时代社区治理面临社会转型期的种种激变与重构,高强度的社会流动性与住房商品化趋势冲淡了社区共同体色彩,造成“陌生人社区”和“消失的邻里”等困境。“有邻居无邻里”逐渐成为现代城市面临的一个突出社会问题,社区逐渐成为人们吃饭、睡觉的地方而距离人们生活“栖居地”的空间角色越来越远。重建城市社区邻里关系是学界永恒的话题。互惠理论强调一种创造性社会交换关系,为解决社区邻里建构困境提供新的分析视角。通过邻里互惠主体与特定互惠环境的相互作用,基于“给予—接受—回馈”的互惠机制得以构建,并形成“价值—制度—角色”三维一体的解释逻辑:以“互惠共生”为价值引领,通过价值理性、工具理性、传统和情绪中介凝聚邻里共识;以耦合系统为基础,通过内部规则与外部规则的互补式嵌入型构邻里互动规则;以互动链条为抓手,通过给予型互惠、接受型互惠和平衡型互惠三类行动生产邻里价值。Community governance in the new era is facing various radical changes and reconstructions during the social transformation period.The high-intensity social mobility and the trend of housing commercialization have weakened the strength of the community,resulting in the dilemma of“stranger communities”and“disappearing neighbors”.“Having neighbors without neighborhood”has gradually become a prominent social problem in modern cities,and communities have gradually become places for people to eat and sleep,while their spatial role as living habitats is becoming increasingly distant.Reconstructing neighborhood relationships in urban communities is an eternal topic in academic circles.The theory of reciprocity emphasizes a creative social exchange relationship,which provides a new analytical perspective for solving the community neighborhood construction dilemma.Through the interaction between neighborhood reciprocity subjects and specific reciprocity environments,a reciprocal mechanism based on“giving-receiving-feedback”can be constructed,and a three-dimensional interpretation logic of“value-system-role”can be formed.Guided by the value of“reciprocal symbiosis”,neighborhood consensus can be condensed through value rationality,institutional rationality,tradition and emotional mediation.Based on a coupling system,neighborhood interaction rules are constructed through the complementary embedding of internal rules and external rules.With the interactive chain as the starting point,the neighborhood value is produced through three types of actions:giving reciprocity,receiving reciprocity and balancing reciprocity.

关 键 词：邻里 互惠理论 社区治理 

分 类 号：C912.8[经济管理]