中国新疆维吾尔木卡姆与波斯-阿拉伯玛卡姆古谱学的比较研究  

A Comparative Study on notations of Uyghur Muqam in Xinjiang,China and Persian-Arabic Maqam

作　　者：王秀峰 洪伟 Wang Xiufeng;Hong wei

机构地区：[1]清华大学社会学系,北京100084

出　　处：《北方音乐》2023年第3期76-86,共11页Journal of the Northern Music

摘　　要：中国新疆维吾尔木卡姆(Muqam)与波斯-阿拉伯玛卡姆(Maqam)既有联系,又有区别。木卡姆与玛卡姆有着乐音体系、乐律、音列、音程、乐调的很多特征,有很多是五线谱为主体的西方记谱法无法准确表达的音乐形态。因此,木卡姆与玛卡姆的“谱本传承”,亟须非西方中心主义的记谱系统的建立。新疆维吾尔木卡姆具有特殊的历史地位与传承方法,木卡姆记谱法在新中国成立之后经历了复杂而曲折的发展过程,至今仍未发展完善。波斯-阿拉伯玛卡姆音乐现象在现代化的进程中,采用了ALU(Ali Ufk?)记谱法等方式记谱。ALU记谱法在波斯-阿拉伯玛卡姆音乐现象中的广泛应用,为中国少数民族口头音乐的书面记录提供了可能性,尽管其仍未摆脱欧洲中心主义的束缚。The Uyghur Muqam in Xinjiang,China has both connections and differences with the Persian-Arabic Maqam.Muqam and Maqam have many characteristics of music sound system,tem-perament,tone row,interval,and tune.Many of them are musical forms that cannot be accurately expressed by Western notation.Therefore,the"inheritance"of Muqam and Maqam urgently needs the establishment of a non-Western-centric notation system.Xinjiang Uyghur Muqam has a special historical status and inheritance method.The Muqam notation has experienced a complicated and tortuous development process after the founding of People's the Republic of China,and it has not yet been perfected.In the process of modernization,the Persian-Arabic Maqam music phenomenon has adopted ALU(Ali Ufki)notation and other methods of notation.The widespread application of ALU notation in the Persian-Arabic Maqam music phenomenon provides the possibility for written re-cords of oral music of ethnic minorities in China,although it is still not free from the shackles of Eu-rocentrism.

关 键 词：新疆木卡姆 波斯-阿拉伯玛卡姆 记谱法 比较研究 

分 类 号：J613.4[艺术—音乐]