基于镇静催眠作用的生半夏水煎液毒性研究  

The Toxicity Study of Raw Pinelliae Rhizoma Decoction Based on Sedative and Hypnotic Effect

作　　者：张艳 杨嫚 张亚楠 刘西建 ZHANG Yan;YANG Man;ZHANG Yanan;LIU Xijian(College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Ji′nan 250355,China;Health Center of Yanshan Campus of Shandong Party School,Ji′nan 250355,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学中医学院,济南250355 [2]山东省委党校燕山校区卫生所,济南250014

出　　处：《世界睡眠医学杂志》2023年第6期1438-1442,1446,共6页World Journal of Sleep Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82174117);山东省自然科学基金重大基础项目(ZR2019ZD23);山东省中医药科技发展计划项目(2019-0034)(2013-029);山东省研究生教育优质课程(SDYKC21050)(SDYKC20051)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨不同剂量及煎煮时间的生半夏水煎液镇静催眠作用及急性、亚急性毒性。方法:观察小鼠自主活动次数、睡眠潜伏期、睡眠持续时间,探讨不同剂量及煎煮时间的生半夏水煎液镇静催眠作用,采用1 d最大给药量法探讨其急性毒性,连续30 d给药后,检测血清谷丙转氨酶(Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase, GPT),尿素氮(Blood Urea Nitrogen, BUN)及病理组织,探讨其亚急性毒性。结果:与正常组比较,各给药组自主站立次数减少,睡眠潜伏期缩短,睡眠持续时间延长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),以煎2 h中剂量效果最佳。急性毒性实验未见明显异常变化。亚急性毒性实验中,与正常组比较,生半夏煎1 h与煎2 h水煎液中、高剂量组GPT含量显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),GPT升高呈剂量相关性。各给药组BUN含量均显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);煎2 h比煎1 h同剂量组降低更明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:生半夏水煎液安神以60 g剂量效果最佳,符合吴鞠通“2两安眠”之说,久煎有增效的趋势。生半夏水煎液无急性毒性,具有一定亚急性毒性,表现为肝肾毒性,肝损害呈剂量依赖性;肾损害无剂量相关性,但以中剂量最轻;久煎2 h未能降低肝肾毒性,认为与生半夏含有水溶性耐热的毒性成分有关,久煎1 h相对较好。Objective:To study the sedative and hypnotic effects,acute and subacute toxicity of raw Pinelliae Rhizoma with different dosages and decocting time.Methods:Observe the number of spontaneous activities,sleep latency,and sleep duration of mice to explore the sedative and hypnotic effects of raw Pinellia ternata decoction at different doses and decocting time,and explore its acute toxicity by the maximum dose method in one day.After 30 consecutive days of administration,detect serum Alanine transaminase(GPT),Blood urea nitrogen(BUN),and pathological tissue,and explore its subacute toxicity.Results:Compared with the normal group,the number of autonomous standing times,sleep latency,and sleep duration of each medication group were reduced,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The best effect was to decoct at a medium dose for 2 hours.No significant abnormal changes were observed in the acute toxicity experiment.In the subacute toxicity experiment,compared with the normal group,the GPT content in the medium and high dose groups of raw Pinellia ternata decoction for 1 hour and 2 hours significantly increased,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.01).The increase in GPT was dose-related.The BUN content in each treatment group was significantly reduced,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.01);The decrease was more significant in the same dose group after 2 hours of decoction compared to 1 hour of decoction,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The 60 g raw Pinelliae Rhizoma decoction had the best sedative effect,which is consistent with the theory of“2 Liang(about 60 g)can induce to sleep”from Wu Jutong,long-term decocting has a synergistic trend.The raw Pinelliae Rhizoma decoction has no acute toxicity.It has certain subacute toxicity;however,long-term administration is toxic to liver and kidney,the liver damage was dose-dependent,while the kidney damage was not,and the least kidney damage is in the medium dose,and decocting for 2 hours could not r

关 键 词：生半夏 镇静催眠 急性毒性 亚急性毒性 剂量 煎煮时间 

分 类 号：R338.63[医药卫生—人体生理学] R285.5[医药卫生—基础医学]