过敏性皮肤病患者血清过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白E抗体分析  

Analysis of serum allergen-specific IgE antibodies in patients with allergic skin diseases

作　　者：宋卫忠[1] 林路洋[1] Song Weizhong;Lin Luyang(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology,Guangzhou Guangdong 510095,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市皮肤病防治所检验科,广东广州510095

出　　处：《中华临床实验室管理电子杂志》2023年第2期90-94,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Laboratory Management(Electronic Edition）

摘　　要：目的研究血清过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白(IgE)抗体对过敏性皮肤病患者的预防和诊疗价值。方法选取广州市皮肤病防治所从2018年9月至2021年12月收治的410例过敏性皮肤病患者。通过免疫印迹法对所有受试者开展血清过敏原筛查以及数据分析,分析410例过敏性皮肤病患者过敏原IgE阳性结果、特异性过敏原分类结果、不同年龄组特异性过敏原情况、3种过敏性皮肤病患者特异性过敏原IgE抗体浓度分级。结果410例过敏性皮肤病患者的过敏原IgE阳性率为49.02%,其中过敏性皮炎、湿疹、荨麻疹患者的过敏原IgE阳性率分别为49.37%、48.84%、48.98%,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);其中吸入性过敏原以尘螨组合、蟑螂为主,食入性过敏原以蟹、海鱼为主。儿童组特异性过敏原中尘螨组合以及鸡蛋白人数占比均高于成人组(均P<0.05)。3种过敏性皮肤病患者特异性过敏原IgE抗体浓度分级为1级人数占比均在40%以上,且1级~6级人数占比均呈逐渐递减趋势(均P<0.05)。结论过敏性皮炎、湿疹、荨麻疹患者血清过敏原特异性IgE抗体水平以及种类相似,其中尘螨组合、蟹以及海鱼均是主要过敏原,不同年龄过敏性皮肤病患者的过敏原存在一定差异。Objective To study the value of serum allergen specific IgE antibody in prevention,diagnosis and treatment of allergic dermatosis patients.Methods 410 cases of patients with allergic dermatosis admitted to the hospital from September 2018 to December 2021 were selected,the serum allergen screening and data analysis of all subjects were tested by immunoblotting.The positive results of allergen IgE in 410 patients with allergic dermatosis,the classification results of specific allergens,the specific allergens of different age groups,and the concentration grades of specific allergen IgE antibodies in three types of allergic dermatosis were analyzed.Results.The positive rate of allergen IgE in 410 patients with allergic dermatosis was 49.02%,among which the positive rates of allergen IgE in patients with allergic dermatitis,eczema and urticaria were 49.37%,48.84%and 48.98%,respectively.There was no significant difference in IgE positive results of inhaled allergens and ingested allergens between the three allergic skin diseases(P>0.05);the inhalation allergens were mainly dust mites and cockroaches,while the ingestion allergens were mainly crabs and sea fish.The proportion of dust mite combination and egg white in children group was higher than that in adults group(P<0.05).The proportion of the patients with three kinds of allergic skin diseases whose specific allergen IgE antibody concentration was graded as Grade 1 was more than 40%,and the proportion of the patients with Grade 1 to Grade 6 was gradually decreasing(P<0.05).ConclusionT The levels and types of allergen specific IgE antibodies in the sera of patients with allergic dermatitis,eczema and urticaria are similar,which the combination of dust mites,crabs and sea fish are the main allergens,and the allergens of patients with allergic skin diseases of different ages are different.

关 键 词：过敏性皮肤病 特异性IGE抗体 检测结果 过敏原 

分 类 号：R751[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]