广州市荔湾区居民主要慢性病流行现状及危险因素评价  

Prevalence and risk factors of major chronic diseases in Liwan District of Guangzhou

作　　者：杨心怡 谈宇菲 靳月琴 杨丽莉[1] 张万方[1] 余毅[1] 郑荣杰 饶宗远 卓慧琼 陆龙[1] Yang Xinyi;Tan Yufei;Jin Yueqin;Yang Lili;Zhang Wanfang;Yu Yi;Zheng Rongjie;Rao Zongyuan;Zhuo Huiqiong;Lu Long(Guangzhou Liwan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou Guangdong 510176,China;Huangshi Community Health Service Center of Baiyun District,Guangzhou Guangdong 510410,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市荔湾区疾病预防控制中心,广东广州510176 [2]广州市白云区黄石街社区卫生服务中心,广东广州2510410

出　　处：《中华临床实验室管理电子杂志》2023年第2期99-104,共6页Chinese Journal of Clinical Laboratory Management(Electronic Edition）

摘　　要：目的了解广州市荔湾区慢性病主要流行现状及危险因素,为制定预防慢性病的措施提供依据。方法2018年采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法对广州市荔湾区18岁以上常住居民3831人开展流行病学调查,包括个人问卷调查和体格检查。结果广州市荔湾区18岁以上居民慢性病总患病率为52.7%,慢性疾病患病顺位为其他慢性病、高血压、高血脂、糖尿病、过敏性疾病、肾脏疾病、慢性阻塞性肺病、冠心病、阿尔茨海默病、脑卒中。其中,男性患病率(55.5%)高于女性(51.0%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。≥65岁人群主要慢性病患病率高于总监测人群,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示:高血压影响因素有家族史、控盐、睡眠质量差、超重或肥胖;糖尿病影响因素有超重或肥胖;高血脂的影响因素有家族史、控盐、超重或肥胖;其中超重或肥胖是共同危险因素,控盐是高血压和高血脂的保护因素。结论广州市荔湾区主要慢性病仍处于较高流行水平,主要流行疾病为高血压、高血脂和糖尿病,且超重或肥胖是共同危险因素,应根据本地流行特点制定综合防控措施和策略,重点关注肥胖人群,以减少广州市慢性病发生和流行。Objective To analyze the main epidemic status and risk factors of chronic diseases in Liwan District of Guangzhou,and to provide basis for the formulation of measures to prevent chronic diseases.Methods In 2018,a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct an epidemiological survey among 3831 permanent residents over 18 years old in Liwan District of Guangzhou,including personal questionnaire and physical examination.Results In Liwan District of Guangzhou,the total prevalence of chronic diseases in residents over 18 years old was 52.7%,and the sequence of chronic diseases was other chronic diseases,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes,allergic diseases,kidney diseases,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,coronary heart disease,Alzheimer's disease and stroke.Among them,the prevalence rate of males(55.5%)was significantly higher than that of females(51.0%)(P<0.05).The prevalence of major chronic diseases in≥65 years old population was significantly higher than that in the general surveillance population(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the influence factors for hypertension were family history,salt control,poor sleep quality,overweight or obesity.The influence factors for diabetes were overweight or obesity.The influence factors for hyperlipidemia were family history,salt control,overweight or obesity.Overweight or obesity is a common risk factor,and salt control is a protective factor.Conclusions The prevalence of chronic diseases in Liwan District of Guangzhou is still at a high level,and the main epidemic diseases are hypertension,hyperlipidemia and diabetes,and overweight or obesity are common risk factors.Comprehensive prevention and control measures and strategies should be formulated according to the local epidemic characteristics,focusing on obese people,so as to reduce the occurrence and prevalence of chronic diseases in Guangzhou.

关 键 词：慢性病 危险因素 流行现状 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]