论股东会上股东质询的功能与实现  

On the Function and Realization of Shareholders Questions at Shareholders Meetings

作　　者：徐强胜 孙浩天 Xu Qiangsheng;Sun Haotian

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院

出　　处：《财经法学》2023年第5期130-144,共15页Law and Economy

摘　　要：股东会上的股东质询是抑制股东会“形骸化”的有力措施。现行立法不能满足股东质询的制度需求。通过合理质询得到的信息可以强化信任,降低公司治理的代理成本。公司法提供有效的质询机制是维持公司组织民主运行的必然要求。质询制度是“强股东—弱管理层”“弱股东—强管理层”公司治理双重叙事模式下的“最大公约数”。质询机制提供了股东与管理层之间的沟通渠道,并具有威慑违法违规行为的客观效果。股东会上的质询属于股东质询权的具体权能,不同于知情权与表决权等。我国的股东质询具有符合本土特色的立法雏形,应当在新一轮《公司法》修订中加以细化落实。股东会上的质询机制应与列席制度、提案制度形成良好互动。从而有助于表决权行使,提升股东会决议质量。股东质询应遵守权利不得滥用原则。会议召集人应承担审查质询提案的审查义务,并对其课以信义义务以应对利益冲突。Shareholder questioning at shareholders'meetings is a powerful measure to curb the“skeletonisation”of shareholders'meetings.Current legislation does not meet the institutional needs of shareholder inquiries.Information obtained through reasonable interrogation can strengthen trust and reduce the agency costs of corporate governance.The provision of an effective challenge mechanism under company law is a necessary requirement for the democratic functioning of the corporate body.The questioning system is the best possible outcome of the dual narrative of“strong shareholder-weak management”and“weak shareholder-strong management”corporate governance.The questioning mechanism provides a channel of communication between shareholders'and management,and has the objective effect of deterring violations.The right to ask questions at shareholders'meetings is a specific right of shareholders to ask questions,which is different from the right to be informed and the right to vote.The questioning of shareholders in China has a legislative prototype that is in line with local characteristics and should be refined and implemented in the new round of company law amendments.The questioning mechanism at shareholders'meetings should interact well with the listing system and the proposal system.Shareholders'questions should comply with the principle of non-abuse of rights.The convener of the meeting should be obliged to examine the proposals for questioning and impose a fiduciary duty on them to deal with conflicts of interest.

关 键 词：《公司法》修订 公司治理 信息流通 质询权 股东会质询 

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