2021年四川省职业健康检查结果分析  

Analysis of occupational health examination results in Sichuan Province in 2021

作　　者：商维维[1] 蒋恩霏[1] 阴旅宁 邱乐平[1] SHANG Weiwei;JIANG Enfei;YIN Lyuning;QIU Leping(Sichuan Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2023年第4期195-202,共8页Occupational Health and Damage

基　　金：四川省科技厅(项目编号:2021JDR0338)。

摘　　要：目的分析四川省2021年职业健康检查结果,为明确职业卫生工作重点提供依据和支撑。方法收集四川省2021年所有参加有毒有害作业职业健康检查的劳动者职业健康检查个案卡,对目标疾病和健康损害的分布情况进行描述性分析,重点分析接触煤尘、矽尘、噪声、苯、铅等主要职业危害因素的职业健康检查结果,采用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计分析,组间比较采用Pearsonχ^(2)检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果2021年四川省共收集到628270名劳动者的职业健康检查资料,疑似职业病检出率为0.30%,不同职业病危害因素的疑似职业病检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8309.014,P<0.001);职业禁忌证检出率为1.08%,不同职业病危害因素接触劳动者职业禁忌证检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=912.115,P<0.001)。煤尘作业劳动者的疑似职业病检出率(3.42%)和职业禁忌证检出率(1.63%)均为最高,而噪声作业体检人数和专项指标异常人数最多。专项指标异常人员主要分布在煤炭开采、建筑材料制造、汽车制造、家具制造和建筑业等行业,企业规模以小型为主。随着年龄和工龄的增加,煤尘、矽尘和噪声作业劳动者的专项指标异常检出率有上升趋势。结论四川省应重点加强煤尘、噪声等职业危害的治理,以职业健康检查发现的关键指标异常数据作为开展风险评估的基础,预测和分析职业病发病特点和规律。Objective To analyze the results of occupational health examinations in Sichuan Province in 2021,and to provide basis and support for clarifying the focus of occupational health work.Methods The occupational health examination case cards of all workers who participated in the occupational health examination for toxic and hazardous operations in Sichuan Province in 2021 were collected.A descriptive analysis of the distribution of target diseases and health damage was conducted.The occupational health examination results for exposure to major occupational hazard factors such as coal dust,silica dust,noise,benzene and lead were emphatically analyzed.SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Pearson χ^(2) test was used for inter-group comparison.And the test level wasα=0.05.Results In 2021,the occupational health examination data of 628270 workers in Sichuan Province were collected,with a suspected occupational disease detection rate of 0.30%.There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of suspected occupational diseases among different occupational hazard factors(χ^(2)=8309.014,P<0.001).The detection rate of occupational contraindications was 1.08%.There were sstatistically significant differences in the detection rate of occupational contraindications amongworkers exposed to different occupational hazard factorss(χ^(2)=912.115,P<0.001).The suspected occupational disease detection rate(3.42%)and occupational contraindication detection rate(1.63%)of coal dust workers were the highest,while the number of workers taking physical examinations and the number of workers with abnormal special indicators in the noise operation were the largest.The personnel with abnormal special indicators were mainly distributed in coal mining,building materials manufacturing,automobile manufacturing,furniture manufacturing,construction industry and other industries,and the scale of these enterprises was mainly small.With the increase of age and length of service,the detection rate of abnormal speci

关 键 词：职业健康检查 疑似职业病 职业禁忌证 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]