2018-2021年龙岩市流感监测结果分析  

Analysis of influenza surveillance results in Longyan City from 2018 to 2021

作　　者：廖亦红[1] 何云[1] 陈小东 张彦锋[1] 李美华[1] 蔡军 LIAO Yihong;HE Yun;CHEN Xiaodong;ZHANG Yanfeng;LI Meihua;CAI Jun(Longyan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Longyan 364000,Fujian Province,China)

机构地区：[1]龙岩市疾病预防控制中心,福建龙岩364000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2023年第8期901-905,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的 分析2018-2021年龙岩市流感监测结果,为龙岩市流感的防控工作提供科学依据。方法 通过中国流感监测信息系统收集2018-2021年龙岩市2家国家级哨点医院流感样病例(ILI)监测数据,龙岩市疾病预防控制中心流感监测网络实验室的核酸检测结果、病原学结果及流感暴发疫情数据,进行描述及统计分析。结果 2018-2021年度龙岩市共采集流感样病例咽拭子9 867份,检出流感病毒阳性1 239份(阳性率12.6%)。龙岩市4年来累计报告ILI病例54 288例,占门急诊病例数3.92%,每年流感样病例的高峰为冬春季(12月至次年2月),夏季(5至8月)出现小高峰。ILI年龄分布以14岁以下的儿童和青少年为主,(5岁组以下儿童占46.4%,5~14岁组占23.8%),主要流行毒株为甲型H1N1、甲型H3N2、Byamagate和Bvictoria。暴发疫情的报告单位以中小学校为主(76.0%),病原类型以Bvictoria为主(44.0%)。结论 2018-2021年龙岩市流感发病呈明显季节性,甲型、乙型流感病毒为主要毒株,甲、乙型毒株交替出现。2021年全年只流行Bvictoria1个亚型。以冬、春季节发病率较高,儿童是重点防控人群,应加强中小学校等重点场所的防控工作,避免疫情的暴发。Objective To analyze the results of influenza surveillance in Longyan City from 2018 to 2021,and to provide scientific basis for influenza prevention and control in Longyan City.Methods The monitoring data of influenza-likeecases(ILI)in 2 national sentinel hospitals in Longyan City from 2018 to 2021,nucleic acid test results and etiological results of influenza surveillance network laboratory,and influenza outbreak data of Longyan Center for Disease Control and Prevention were collected through the China Influenza Surveillance Information System for description and statistical analysis.Results From 2018 to 2021,a total of 9867 throat swabs of influenza-like cases were collected in Longyan City,and 1239 were positive for influenza virus(the positive rate was 12.6%).In the past four years,a total of 54288 ILI cases had been reported in Longyan City,accounting for 3.92% of the total number of outpatient and emergency cases.The peak of influenza-like cases every year was in winter and spring(December to February of the next year),and a small peak was in summer(May to August).The age distribution of ILI cases was mainly for children and adolescents under 14 years old(46.4%for children under 5 years old group and 23.8% for 5-14 years old group).The main epidemic strains were A H1N1,A H3N2,B Yamagata and B Victoria.The reporting units of the outbreaks were mainly primary and secondary schools(76.0%),and the pathogen typee was mainly B Vectoria(44.0%).Conclusions From 2018 to 2021,the incidence of influenza in Longyan City showed an obvious seasonality.Influenza A and B viruses were the main strains,and influenza A and B strains appeared alternately.In 2021,only one subtype of B Victoria was prevalent.In winter and spring,the incidence rate was higher.Children are the key population for disease prevention and control.We should strengthen the prevention and control efforts of key places such as primary schools and middle schools,so as to avoid the outbreak of the epidemic.

关 键 词：流感监测 暴发 流感病毒 流感样病例 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]