2012-2022年蒲江县血吸虫病防控效果分析  

Analysis of schistosomiasis prevention and control results in Pujiang County from 2012 to 2022

作　　者：徐惠蓉[1] 郑威 罗晓娟 张辉[1] 钟波[2] 陈琳[2] 尚靖晔 XU Huirong;ZHENG Wei;LUO Xiaojuan;ZHANG Hui;ZHONG Bo;CHEN Lin;SHANG Jingye(Pujiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 611630,Sichuan Province,China;Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]蒲江县疾病预防控制中心,成都611630 [2]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2023年第8期981-985,991,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的 对2012年蒲江县达到血吸虫病传播阻断后的防控工作进行分析,探讨血吸虫病传播影响因素和风险,为巩固传播阻断成果提供科学依据。方法 收集2012-2022年血吸虫病螺情、病情、风险监测报表等数据资料,采用SPSS 17.0软件进行t检验、秩和检验及χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 2012-2022年蒲江县累计查螺面积138 112 700 m^(2),其中2012-2015年均未查出钉螺,2016-2022年查出有螺面积4 268 900 m^(2),平均活螺密度0.06只/框(Z=-396.579,P<0.001),所有钉螺压检均为阴性。2012-2022年蒲江县血清学检查阳性率呈现总体平稳、逐步下降的趋势(P<0.001),病原学检查结果均为阴性;2018-2022年蒲江县发热病人血吸虫病风险监测血清学阳性率逐年下降(P=0.027),未发现有病原学检查阳性病人。2012-2022年对牛进行血吸虫病查病,结果均为阴性,野粪调查病原学检测结果均为阴性。2017-2022年累计调查有钉螺输入风险的区域709 500 m^(2),其中2017、2018两年共查出有螺面积21000 m^(2),均为眉山市树木引种输入,未发现有感染性钉螺,此后4年未再发现有钉螺输入。结论 蒲江县本地血吸虫病传播风险处于较低水平,但存在钉螺输入与扩散风险。Objective To analyze the prevention and control work of schistosomiasis in Pujiang County after its transmission was interrupted since 2012,to explore the factors and risks of schistosomiasis transmission,and to provide scientific basis for consolidating the achievements of transmission interruption.Methods Data on schistosomiasis snail status,disease status and risk monitoring reports from 2012 to 2022 were collected and analyzed statistically.SPSS 17.0 software was used conduct t-test,rank sum test and Chi-square test,and P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results From 2012 to 2022,the cumulative snail detection area in Pujiang County was 138112700 m^(2).No snails were detected from 2012 to 2015,and a snail area of 4268900 m^(2) was detected from 2016 to 2022,with an average live snail density of 0.06/box(Z=-396.579,P<0.001).All snails were negative in pressure test.From 2012 to 2022,the positive rate of serological test in Pujiang County showed an overall stable and gradually decreasing trend(P<0.001).The results of etiological examination were negative.From 2018 to 2022,the serological positive rate of schistosomiasis risk surveillance in patients with fever in Pujiang County decreased year by year(P=0.027).No patients were tested positive for the etiological examination.From 2012 to 2022,the results of schistosomiasis examination in cattle were negative,and the results of pathogenic detection in wild feces were also negative.From 2017 to 2022,a total of 709500m²of snail import risk areas had been surveyed,of which 21000 m²of snails were found in 2017 and 2018,all of which were imported from Meishan City.No infected Oncomelania was found,and no Oncomelania was found in the following 4 years.Conclusions The current local risk of schistosomiasis transmission in Pujiang County is at a low level,but there are risks of snail import and spread.

关 键 词：血吸虫病 传播阻断 监测结果 强化监测 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]