喷丸处理对2219铝合金搅拌摩擦焊焊接残余应力的影响  

Effect of Shot Peening on Welding Residual Stress of 2219 Aluminum Alloy Friction Stir Welding

作　　者：叶玉全 陈波[1] 曾鹏 张鑫[1] 陈旦 YE Yuquan;CHEN Bo;ZENG Peng;ZHANG Xin;CHEN Dan(College of Mechanical Engineering,Hunan Industry Polytechnic,Changsha 410208,China;Hunan Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Flexible Machining Technology for Complex Thin-Walled Precision Parts,Changsha 410208,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南工业职业技术学院机械工程学院,湖南长沙410208 [2]复杂薄壁精密零件智能柔性加工技术湖南省工程研究中心,湖南长沙410208 [3]中南大学机电工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《材料保护》2023年第9期110-115,共6页Materials Protection

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(2021JJ60027);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(19C0614)资助。

摘　　要：对2219铝合金板进行了搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)和喷丸处理,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)测量了搅拌摩擦焊和喷丸产生的残余应力,分析了残余应力的分布特征,研究了弹丸直径、弹丸材料、喷射距离等参数对搅拌摩擦焊接残余应力分布的影响。结果表明:焊接后,焊缝附近存在较大的残余拉应力,焊缝中心线±20 mm范围内的平均应力高达100.9 MPa,而远离焊缝的母材区域接近零应力状态;喷丸后,试样残余应力分布发生显著变化,表层残余应力表现为压应力,并且该压应力数值随着深度的增加先增大后减小,最后保持为拉应力;增大弹丸直径可提高最大残余压应力值和残余压应力层深度,但当弹丸直径继续增大至1.2 mm时,最大残余压应力值不再继续增大;选用合适的弹丸材料可获得理想的残余压应力分布情况;随着喷射距离的增大,最大残余压应力值和残余压应力层深度先增大后减小。Friction stir welding(FSW)and shot peening were performed on 2219 aluminum alloy plates.The residual stresses generated by FSW and shot peening were measured using X-ray diffraction(XRD),and the distribution characteristics of residual stresses were analyzed.The effects of parameters such as shot diameter,shot material,and spraying distance on the distribution of residual stresses in FSW were studied.Results showed that there was a large residual tensile stress near the weld zone after welding,and the average stress within±20 mm of the weld center line was as high as 100.9 MPa,while the base metal area far away from the weld was close to zero stress.After shot peening,the distribution of residual stress of sample changed significantly,surface residual stress was manifested as compressive stress,and the value of compressive stress first increased and then decreased with the increase of depth,and finally remained as tensile stress.Increasing the shot diameter could increase the maximum residual compressive stress value and the depth of the residual compressive stress layer.However,when the shot diameter continued to increase to 1.2 mm,the maximum residual compressive stress value no longer increased.The optimal distribution of residual compressive stress could be obtained by selecting the appropriate shot material.The maximum residual compressive stress and the depth of the residual compressive stress layer firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of the spraying distance.

关 键 词：喷丸 2219铝合金 搅拌摩擦焊 残余应力 

分 类 号：TG668[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]