农村集体经济组织成员资格的认定标准——基于地方立法文本和规范性文件的分析  

The Standard of Membership Identification of Rural Collective Economic Organizations:An Analysis Based on Local Legislative Texts and Normative Documents

作　　者：童航 TONG Hang

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学文法学院,杭州311300

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2023年第8期73-85,共13页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题“农村集体经济组织成员资格认定的立法建构研究”(编号:23NDJC97YB);国家哲学社会科学基金重大项目“新时代中国特色土地管理法律制度完善研究”(编号:18ZDA151);浙江农林大学科研发展基金人才启动项目(编号:2021FR029)。

摘　　要：农村集体经济组织成员资格认定标准是《农村集体经济组织法》的核心问题。关于成员资格认定标准的统计分析显示,目前各地存在立法层级低、内容结构形式多样、认定标准未达成普遍共识等问题,成员权益难以保障,应从法理层面重新审视这一难题。成员资格认定标准的双层建构理论的提出既回应了历史逻辑、规范逻辑和自治逻辑,又是对现有实践冲突的弹性调和。成员资格认定应区分为基于集体财产基础上的原生性成员资格认定和基于实质贡献基础上的自治性成员资格认定。原生性成员资格认定应采“户口+社会保障标准”,立法表达为“初始取得”;自治性成员资格认定应采“实质贡献+程序通过标准”,立法表达为“加入取得”。在立法模式选择上,应在《民法典》中运用引致判断条款与《农村集体经济组织法》进行体系衔接,在成员资格认定规则的立法技术上应遵循“具体列举+兜底条款”模式,以保持规则内容的适度开放性;在内容安排上,应在类型化的基础上重构双层认定标准体系并进行程序性补足,全面构建成员资格认定制度体系。The standard of membership identification of rural collective economic organizations is the core issue of “Rural Collective Economic Organizations Law”.According to the statistical analysis,there are many problems,including the low level of legislation,the diversity of content structure and the lack of universal consensus on the standard of membership identification.It is difficult to protect the rights and interests of members.The bilayer construction theory of the standard of membership identification not only responds to historical logic,normative logic and autonomy logic,but also is an elastic reconciliation of existing practice conflicts.The membership identification should be divided into the identification of original membership based on collective property and the identification of autonomous membership based on substantial contribution.The former should adopt the “household registration + social security”,and the legislative expression is “initial acquisition”;The latter should adopt “substantial contribution + procedure passing”,and the legislative expression is “accession acquisition”.In the choice of legislative mode,it should use the “cause judgment clause” in the civil code to link up with the “Rural Collective Economic Organization Law”.In the legislative technology,it should follow the “specific enumeration + cover clause” mode to maintain the suitability and openness.In terms of content,in order to comprehensively construct the system standard of membership identification,it should reconstruct two level's identification standard of membership and make procedural supplement.

关 键 词：农村集体经济组织 成员资格认定 成员权 双层认定标准 

分 类 号：D922.4[政治法律—法学]