蒙塔格奈印第安人的猎场与毛皮贸易  

The Mongtagnais"Hunting Territory"and The Fur Trade

作　　者： 王天玉(译)[2] 何国强(审校)[3] Eleanor Perco-Leacock;WANG Tian-yu;HE Guo-qiang

机构地区：[1]纽约市立大学,美国纽约 [2]云南师范大学,云南昆明650092 [3]中山大学,广东广州510275

出　　处：《青海民族研究》2023年第2期159-178,共20页Qinghai Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“新媒体环境下中缅越老交界地区妇女跨境交往与社会稳定问题研究”(批准号:19BMZ153)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：女性调查员深入北极地区,研究猎场的演变过程,全文以田野话语叙事,勾勒人与自然、内部与外部、我群与他群的互动。首先提出问题,找到研究起点;继而依托时间维度扩展素材,在空间维度上直面各种情景,用对称性构架辩证法,如显与隐对称、生产生活变化与土地使用权变化对称、掠夺式获取资源与有条件保护对称、外拉内推对称,分析社会发展的原动力,关注人的生存需要与不同际遇的挑战,把握动态平衡,寻求折中,观点与材料互相拱卫,从中看到狩猎组织、猎具变化、行猎路线、分配机制、出征后勤的联动性;最后立足猎场权利,挂钩结论:随着生产方式的升级,传统社会可能走向消亡,猎场形态的演变只是一个缩影。The author as a woman went deep into the Arctic region to research the evolution process of hunting grounds.The full text was narrated with field work materials,the author outlined the interaction between man and nature,inside and outside,our group and others.Firstly,put forward questions and find the starting point of research;then relied on the time dimension to expand the materials,led readers face all kinds of situations directly in the space dimension,and based on symmetry to construct dialectics,such as symmetry between explicit and implicit,changes in production of life and land use rights,predatory acquisition of resources and conditional protection,external pull and internal push.The author analyzed the driving force of social development,paid attention to people's survival needs and challenges of different opportunities,kept dynamic balance,seek compromise,and protected each other between viewpoints and materials.Based on the above discussion,we can see the linkage of hunting organization,hunting gear change,hunting route,distribution mechanism and expedition logistics.Finally,based on hunting ground rights,we can draw a conclusion that with the upgrading of production mode,the traditional society may die out,and the evolution of hunting ground form just exist as a microcosm.

关 键 词：队群 家庭 猎场 毛皮贸易 狩猎方式 

分 类 号：C95[社会学—民族学]