有生量词的方言分布及类型特征研究  

On the Dialect Distribution of Animate Classifiers and Typological Features

作　　者：伍莹 WU Ying(School of Humanities,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学人文学院,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《湖南科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期155-163,共9页Journal of Hunan University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：湖南省社会科学成果评审委员会课题(XSP18YBC269);湖南省语言资源研究基地资助。

摘　　要：通过考察汉语方言有生量词的使用情况发现,不像其他语言的数分类词系统,汉语方言量词系统没有将“人/非人”“有生/无生”或者“人/动物/无生”等特征区别开来。汉语方言称量“人”和“动物”主要使用通用量词和形状量词,虽然有少数专用的量人量词和动物量词,但使用的限制多、范围窄,不具有普遍性。汉语方言的植物量词具有类型学共性,都来源于植物或植物部件,并且可以演变成形状量词。汉语方言有生量词系统应该属于一种比较特殊的量词类型。By investigating the use of the classifiers that measure animate things in dialects,we find that unlike other numeral classifier systems,Chinese classifier system does not strictly distinguish“human/nonhuman”,“animate/inanimate”or“human/animal/inanimate”.Chinese usually adopts universal classifiers and shape classifiers to measure“human”and“animal”,although there are a few classifiers for specially measuring human and animals,its usage range is limited.The classifiers of measuring“plant”have the commonness of typology.They are all derived from plants or plant parts,and can evolve into shape classifiers.The Chinese classifier system of measuring living things should belong to a special type of classifier system.

关 键 词：有生量词 方言分布 类型特征 

分 类 号：H136[语言文字—汉语]