神经肌肉电刺激下小腿肌肉的电学特性研究  

Electrical Characteristics of Calf Muscles Under Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation

作　　者：孙博 Panji Nursetia Darma 张全成[3] 姚佳烽 SUN Bo;Darma Panji Nursetia;ZHANG Quan-Cheng;YAO Jia-Feng(School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China;Department of Mechanical Engineering,Chiba University,Chiba 263-0022,Japan;Department of Physical Education,Xi’an Shiyou University,Xi’an 710065,China;College of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学机械与精密仪器工程学院,西安710048 [2]Department of Mechanical Engineering,Chiba University,Chiba 263-0022,Japan [3]西安石油大学体育系,西安710065 [4]南京航空航天大学机电学院,南京210016

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2023年第6期1443-1453,共11页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62071224);陕西省社科基金(2020Q017)资助项目。

摘　　要：目的采用电阻抗成像(electrical impedance tomography,EIT)方法研究神经肌肉电刺激(neuromuscular electrical stimulation,NMES)下小腿肌肉的电学特性,旨在将EIT作为一种长期监测方法,从而可视化NMES训练对人类小腿肌肉的训练效果。方法16名实验对象被随机分配到对照组(control group,CG,n=8)和最佳电压强度的NMES训练组(optimal voltage intensity training group,OG,n=8)。对照组保持正常生活方式并不进行NMES和其他的肌肉训练;NMES训练组中使用商业NMES设备对实验对象右小腿进行23 min的NMES训练,每周3次,为期5周。应用EIT测量在每周一训练开始前的电导率分布。并且采用生物电阻抗分析(bioelectrical impedance analysis,BIA)方法测量右腿细胞外含水量与身体总含水量的比率(ECW/TBW)β_(rl),及身体总含水量(TBW)τ。为了量化NMES在肌肉训练过程中的作用,使用配对样本t检验分析EIT重建图像的空间平均电导率<σ>和BIA测量的β_(rl)、τ。结果对照组实验对象,右小腿肌肉电学特性及右腿细胞外液体积及身体总含水量与第1周无明显变化。然而,NMES训练组实验对象,右小腿肌肉M1肌肉隔室空间平均电导率<σ>_(M1)及右腿细胞外液体积βrl与第1周相比有相同的增长趋势。结论连续5周的EIT测量结果显示,NMES训练引起被刺激肌肉隔室空间平均电导率<σ>_(M1)的增加,且第2周<σw^(2)>_(M1)增加最为明显,之后第3、4、5周相较于上一周均有增加但幅度明显小于第2周,这意味着肌肉纤维体积在第2周已发生明显增加,发生肌浆肥大现象,之后受试者逐渐适应NMES训练,肌肉生理响应变慢但仍在持续增长。因此,EIT能够作为一种长期监测方法有效评估NMES训练增加人类小腿肌肉纤维体积的效果。Objective Electrical impedance tomography(EIT)was applied to study the electrical characteristics of human calf muscles under neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES),with the objective of using EIT as a long-term monitoring method to visualize the effectiveness of NMES training on human calf muscles.Methods Sixteen subjects were randomly assigned to a control group(CG,n=8),which kept a normal lifestyle and without NMES or other muscle training;an optimal voltage intensity training group(OG,n=8),in which 23 min of NMES training was performed on the right calf using commercial NMES equipment 3 times a week for 5 weeks.EIT was applied to obtain the conductivity distribution before the start of each training cycle on Monday.Bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA)was also used to measure the extracellular volume ratio(ECW/TBW)β_(rl) in the right leg.Results In the CG,subjects showed no significant differences in the electrical characteristics of right calf muscle and in the extracellular volume of right calf compared to the first week.However,in the OG,subjects showed the same tendency of increase in the spatial-mean conductivity<σ>_(M1) of right calf muscle M1 muscle compartment andβrl of right leg compared to the first week.Conclusion NMES training caused an increase in the stimulated muscle compartment spatial-mean conductivity<σ>_(M1),with the most dramatic increase in<σw^(2)>_(M1) of second week,followed by an increase in the third,fourth and fifth weeks compared to the previous week with less growth rate.This implies that a significant increase in muscle fiber volume and sarcoplasmic hypertrophy occurred in the second week,after which the subjects gradually adapted to NMES training and the physiological response of the muscle slowed but continued to grow.

关 键 词：电阻抗成像 神经肌肉电刺激 长期监测 肌肉组织细胞外液体积 肌肉纤维体积 肌浆肥大 

分 类 号：Q4-33[生物学—生理学] Q445