超声振动下不同Si含量对轨道车辆用ADC12铝合金微观组织与性能的影响  

The Influence of Different Si Contents Under Ultrasonic Vibration on the Microstructure and Properties of ADC12 Aluminum Alloy Used in Rail Vehicles

作　　者：吴奇 WU Qi(College of Railway Rolling Stock,Liaoning Railway Vocational and Technical College,Jinzhou 121000,Liaoning,China;College of Locomotive and Rolling Stock Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁铁道职业技术学院铁道车辆学院,辽宁锦州121000 [2]大连交通大学机车车辆工程学院,辽宁大连116028

出　　处：《铸造》2023年第6期702-708,共7页Foundry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11202043);辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目(201602112);牵引动力国家重点实验室资助项目(TPL0906)。

摘　　要：为研究不同Si含量对超声振动制备轨道车辆用铝合金的影响,通过光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、摩擦磨损试验机研究了Si对铝合金的微观组织、硬度、耐磨损性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果显示,超声振动处理后,铝合金试样微观组织明显被细化,长针状Si相和第二相被细化成颗粒状或短棒状。随着Si含量的增大,α-Al相尺寸和长径比先减小后增大,硬度不断增大,磨损量和腐蚀速率先减小后增大,耐磨损性能和耐腐蚀性能先增强后减弱。当Si含量为12%时,α-Al相数量增多,尺寸减小到48.4μm,Si相分布均匀,磨损量和腐蚀速率最小分别为25.9 mg和1.57 mg/h,磨损表面几乎没有磨损坑出现,犁沟变窄变浅,腐蚀表面较光滑,表现为均匀腐蚀。To study the effect of different Si content on aluminum alloy for rail vehicle prepared by ultrasonic vibration,the effects of Si on the microstructure,hardness,wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy were studied by optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope(SEM),and friction and wear tester.The results showed that after ultrasonic vibration treatment,the microstructure of the aluminum alloy sample was obviously refined,and the long needle Si phase and the second phase were refined into granular or short rod shape.With the increase of the Si content,the size and aspect ratio ofα-Al phase first decreased and then increased,the hardness increased,the wear loss and corrosion rate first decreased and then increased,and the wear resistance and corrosion resistance first increased and then decreased.When the Si content was 12%,the number of theα-Al phase increasesd,the size decreasesd to 48.4μm,the distribution of Si phase was uniform,the wear loss and corrosion rate were the smallest,which were 25.9 mg and 1.57 mg/h,respectively.There were almost no wear pits on the wear surface,the furrow becomes narrow and shallow,the surface were characterized by uniform corrosion.

关 键 词：轨道车辆 SI含量 微观组织 耐腐蚀性能 耐磨损性能 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]