西部厚基岩地层竖井钻机机械破岩影响因素分析  

Analysis of mechanical rock-breaking factors of blind shaft sinking machine in the thick bedrock formations in western regions

作　　者：王媛 宋朝阳 WANG Yuan;SONG Zhaoyang(Beijing China Coal Mine Engineering Company Limited,Beijing 100013,China;National Engineering Research Center of Deep Shaft Construction,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中煤矿山工程有限公司,北京100013 [2]矿山深井建设技术国家工程研究中心,北京100013

出　　处：《建井技术》2023年第4期74-80,共7页Mine Construction Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52004125)。

摘　　要：竖井钻机钻井法凿井是现阶段我国盲竖井机械化、无人化、智能化建设的重要工艺技术之一。西部矿区厚基岩地层以胶结程度低、遇水易泥化、强度低的弱胶结岩石为主,与我国中东部竖井钻机钻进的深厚表土地层力学特性不同。针对西部富水弱胶结厚基岩地层条件,简述了竖井钻机钻井技术的发展历程、竖井钻机装备及旋转破岩方式,探讨了竖井钻机机械破岩钻进面临的厚基岩地层高效破岩、钻进技术参数随钻实时控制、地层自稳性差导致井帮失稳风险、泥包钻头或砂包钻头、泥浆性能参数随钻调配设计等难题,并从工程条件、地质特性、破岩刀具、钻头结构、刀具布置、钻进参数、泥浆排渣等方面分析了竖井钻机机械破岩的影响因素及其相互关联和制约关系,梳理了西部厚基岩地层竖井钻机机械破岩技术发展方向,以期为西部厚基岩地层竖井钻机机械破岩钻进技术发展提供参考。Blind shaft sinking method is one of the important techniques for the current stage of mechanized,unmanned,and intelligent construction of blind vertical shafts in China.In the thick bedrock formations of western mining areas,weakly cemented rocks with low degree of consolidation,susceptibility to slurry formation upon encountering water,and low strength are dominant.This is different from the mechanical properties of the deep surface soil layers drilled by blind shaft sinking machines in central and eastern China.In response to the conditions of heavily watered and weakly cemented thick bedrock formations in western areas,this article briefly describes the development process of blind shaft sinking technology,as well as the equipment and rotary rock-breaking methods of blind shaft sinking machines.It discusses the challenges faced by mechanical rock breaking during vertical shaft drilling in thick bedrock formations,including efficient rock-breaking,real-time control of drilling parameters,instability risks due to poor formation stability,mud or sand packing in the drill bit,and the design of mud performance parameters.Analyzing from various aspects such as engineering conditions,geological characteristics,rock-breaking tools,drill bit structure,tool arrangement,drilling parameters,and mud discharge,it explores the influencing factors,interrelationships,and constraints of mechanical rock breaking by vertical shaft drilling machines in the western thick bedrock formations.It also outlines the development direction of mechanical rock-breaking technology for vertical shaft drilling in western thick bedrock formations,aiming to provide references for the development of mechanical rock-breaking and drilling technology in the thick bedrock formations of western areas.

关 键 词：矿井建设 竖井钻机 厚基岩地层 机械破岩 钻进 

分 类 号：TD421.3[矿业工程—矿山机电] TD265.1