基于数码电子雷管的岩巷中深孔–孔内分段爆破破岩机制及应用  

Rock breaking mechanism and the application of medium-deep hole-in-hole segmented blasting in rock roadway using digital electronic detonators

作　　者：王国豪 王雁冰[1] 谢平 张英豪 叶建军 迟磊 WANG Guohao;WANG Yanbing;XIE Ping;ZHANG Yinghao;YE Jianjun;CHI Lei(School of Mechanics&Civil Engineering,China University of Mining&Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Gubei Coal Mine of Huaizhe Coal and Electricity Co.,Ltd,Huainan 232150,China;Beijing Xingbang Digital Technology Co.,Ltd,Beijing 102308,China;School of Civil Engineering Architecture&the Environment,Hubei University of Technology,Hubei 430068,China;Shandong Sanjian Assets Investment&Management Co.,Ltd,Shandong 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)力学与建筑工程学院,北京100083 [2]淮浙煤电有限责任公司顾北煤矿,淮南232150 [3]北京煋邦数码科技有限公司,北京102308 [4]湖北工业大学土木建筑与环境学院,武汉430068 [5]山东三箭资产投资管理有限公司,山东250100

出　　处：《工程科学学报》2023年第11期1820-1832,共13页Chinese Journal of Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(51934001);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2023JCCXLJ02)。

摘　　要：岩巷掘进中“速度的关键在掏槽”,针对目前掏槽爆破中破碎岩石难以抛掷、单循环进尺小、大块率高等问题,提出了中深孔–孔内分段爆破技术.采用数学建模,推导了中深孔–孔内分段爆破岩石抛掷所受的动、阻力公式;利用LS-DYNA进行数值模拟,分析了中深孔–孔内分段爆破应力波的传播规律,并比较了不同分段比例下有效应力变化情况;将中深孔–孔内分段爆破应用于现场,对比了单循环进尺、炮孔利用率、孔痕率及大块率等爆破效果指标.结果表明,中深孔–孔内分段爆破岩石抛掷所受的阻力比普通楔形掏槽爆破的阻力小,动力作用时间短,能量损失少,更易爆破成腔.提出了能够使破碎岩石完全抛掷出腔的措施,并初步确定孔内分段的最优比例为0.6.中深孔–孔内分段爆破增加了单循环进尺,提高了工作效率,具有良好的经济社会效益.“Cutting is the key to speed”in rock roadway excavation.With the aim of addressing the challenges related to broken rock disposal,low single-cycle penetration,and high block rate in the conventional straight hole and diagonal hole excavation blasting,the method of medium-deep holein-hole segmented blasting is proposed herein.The mathematical relations for the force and resistance required in the process of rock crushing and ejection in the groove of medium-deep hole-in-hole segmented blasting,as well as that for the expected value range of the key parameters of the cutting groove,were determined.LS-DYNA was used to numerically simulate the process of medium-deep hole-in-hole and ordinary wedge cut blasting.The nature of stress wave propagation during medium-deep hole-in-hole segmental blasting and the stress characteristics of the rock at the bottom of the hole were analyzed.Furthermore,the variation characteristics of the stress wave intensity were compared for different segmental proportions,and the optimal segmental proportions were determined.The results of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation were applied to the excavation site of the rock roadway,and the blasting effect indices,such as singlecycle footage,hole utilization rate,eye mark rate,and block rate,of the medium-deep hole-in-hole segmented blasting and the ordinary wedge blasting schemes were compared.The results showed that rock can be ejected from the cavity when the dynamic force is greater than or equal to the resistance during the rock crushing and ejection process and that the resistance to rock ejection in the medium-deep holeinhole segmented blasting is less than that in ordinary wedge cut blasting,and it is easier to blast into the cavity.Best practices for achieving the complete ejection of broken rocks from the cavity are proposed,and theoretical support for determining the parameters,such as the depth of the hole,is provided.As compared to ordinary wedge cut blasting,producing a large blasting cavity through medium-deep hole-

关 键 词：岩巷爆破 数码电子雷管 掏槽爆破 中深孔 孔内分段 

分 类 号：TD235.3[矿业工程—矿井建设]