公司法的比例性规制--保障公司发展权的另一种思路  

Proportional Regulation of the Company Law-Another Wayto Protect the Company's Right to Development

作　　者：杨琼 Yang Qiong

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院

出　　处：《交大法学》2023年第5期53-68,共16页SJTU Law Review

摘　　要：在以往的研究中,谈及公司内部规制时就极大地扩张自治的范畴,涉及公司外部规制时就极大地扩张公共权力的范畴,形成一种矛盾的规制状态--内部无限放权与外部无限压抑。此种矛盾的规制状态使《公司法》缺乏主导的价值旋律:法官在处理疑案时,常常失语于不知道该采取“强制的立场”抑或“自由的立场”,这使公司法成为一部“很难”的法律。实际上,无论自治还是管制都是促进公司发展的手段,“促进公司发展”才应是公司法的目标。促进公司发展的关键不在于“立场”的选择,而在于刚性与弹性、强制性与任意性的比例的调配,《公司法》修改需要通过比例性规制保障公司发展权。具体而言,规制的前提是合目的性,在保障公司发展权的前提下,实现差异性规制及动态规制;公司外部规制要符合适当性原则,即对公司外部规制进行减负与转型;公司内部规制应符合必要性原则,即对公司内部规制进行增效与强化;公司法改革要遵守均衡性原则,保障公司内部规制与外部规制的平衡,并寻求《公司法》与临近法律部门的制度联动。In previous studies,the scope of autonomy is greatly expanded when talking about the:internal regulation of the company,and the scope of public rights is greatly expanded when talking about the external regulation of the company,forming a contradictory regulatory state-unlimited internal decentralization and unlimited external repression.Such a contradictory regulatory state makes the Company Law lack of dominant value melody,and judges often find it hard to take a"compulsory stance"or a"liberal stance"when dealing with suspicious cases,which makes the Company Law a"difficult"law.In fact,whether autonomy or regulation is a means to promote the development of the company,"promoting the development of the company"should be the goal of the Company Law.The key to promote the development of a companyis not the choice of"stance",but the proportional allocation between rigidity and flexibility,compulsory and arbitrary.The revision of the Company Law should protect the company's right to development through proportional regulation.More specifically,the prerequisite for regulation is purposiveness On the premise of protecting the company's right to development,the regulation of difference and dynamic regulation can be realized.The company's external regulation should conform to the principle of appropriateness,that is,to reduce the burden and transform the company s external regulation.The internal regulation of the company should c∞onform to the principle of necessity,that is,to enhance and strengthen the intermal regulation of the company.The Company Law reform should abide by the principle of balance,ensure the balance between intemal regulation and external regulation of the company,and seek the system linkage between the Company Law and the adjacent legal departments.

关 键 词：公司发展权 比例原则 内部规制 外部规制 

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