国际刑事司法实践对习惯国际法的重申、认定及“重构”  

Reaffirmation,Identification and“Reconstitution”of Customary International Lawby International Criminal Justice

作　　者：邓华 Deng Hua

机构地区：[1]中山大学马克思主义学院 [2]中山大学涉外法治研究院

出　　处：《交大法学》2023年第5期115-131,共17页SJTU Law Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“国际法院对习惯国际法的认定及其对中国的启示研究”(项目编号:21BFX148)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：国际刑事司法机构在实践中需适用习惯国际法,罪刑法定原则甚至要求其适用的法律只能是已经属于习惯法的规则。与此同时,国际刑事司法实践亦极大地推动了习惯国际(刑)法的发展,其最直接的呈现在于规则层面。根据已有的国际刑事司法实践,当触及习惯国际(刑)法时,它有可能对现行习惯国际法规则的地位进行重申,亦有可能对“地位未明”的规则进行认定,甚至有可能对现行习惯国际法规则进行“重构”。这三种类型,都在事实上促进了习惯国际法的发展。当然,国际刑事司法实践对习惯国际法的重申、认定或可能的“重构”皆不能背离国家实践,否则,它不仅会违背习惯国际法的基本原理,而且也相悖于罪刑法定原则,其对习惯国际法的发展以及司法裁判也就失去了正当性。On the one hand,the international criminal courts and tribunals have to apply customary intermational law in practice,and to some extent they can only apply the customary rules according to the principle of legality.On the other hand,international criminal justice also promotes the development of customary international law.From the perspective of specific rules,international criminal justice can reaffirm,identify or even reconstitute the rules of customary international law.All these three types of development must be based on State practice,otherwise they would deviate from the jurisprudence of customary international law.and violate the principle of legality.In that case,the development of customary international law by international criminal justice,as well as its judicial deci sions,would lose the legitimacy.

关 键 词：国际刑事司法 习惯国际法 罪刑法定原则 国家实践 《罗马规约》 

分 类 号：D997.9[政治法律—刑法学]