Sex-specific life-history strategies among immature jumping spiders:Differences in body parameters and behavior  

作　　者：LászlóMezőfi Viktor Markó DóraÁgnes Taranyi Gábor Markó 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Plant Protection,Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences,Budapest 1118,Hungary [2]Institute of Viticulture and Enology,Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences,Budapest 1118,Hungary

出　　处：《Current Zoology》2023年第5期535-551,共17页动物学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Research,Development,and Innovation Office of Hungary(K112743).

摘　　要：Selection forces often generate sex-specific differences in various traits closely related to fitness.While in adult spiders(Araneae),sexes often differ in coloration,body size,antipredator,or foraging behavior,such sex-related differences are less pronounced among immatures.However,sex-specific life-history strategies may also be adaptive for immatures.Thus,we hypothesized that among spiders,immature individuals show different life-history strategies that are expressed as sex-specific differences in body parameters and behavioral features,and also in their relationships.We used immature individuals of a protandrous jumping spider,Carrhotus xanthogramma,and examined sex-related differences.The results showed that males have higher mass and larger prosoma than females.Males were more active and more risk tolerant than females.Male activity increased with time,and larger males tended to capture the prey faster than small ones,while females showed no such patterns.However,females reacted to the threatening abiotic stimuli more with the increasing number of test sessions.In both males and females,individuals with better body conditions tended to be more risk averse.Spiders showed no sex-specific differences in interindividual behavioral consistency and in intraindividual behavioral variation in the measured behavioral traits.Finally,we also found evidence for behavioral syndromes(i.e.,correlation between different behaviors),where in males,only the activity correlated with the risk-taking behavior,but in females,all the measured behavioral traits were involved.The present study demonstrates that C.xanthogramma sexes follow different life-history strategies even before attaining maturity.

关 键 词：activity behavioral syndrome BOLDNESS intraindividual variability REPEATABILITY sexual dimorphism 

分 类 号：Q959[生物学—动物学]