刘向校书之“杂”类研究  

"Miscellaneous"Category in Books Collated by Liu Xiang

作　　者：张秦铭 Zhang Qinming

机构地区：[1]复旦大学古籍整理研究所(中国古代文学研究中心)

出　　处：《理论界》2023年第8期67-74,共8页Theory Horizon

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“中古诗歌史开端之重省:汉魏诗歌经典化研究”(22JJD750020)的研究成果。

摘　　要：西汉时期古书还处于开放状态,因此,刘向校书常需对一书内部的篇章进行重新组织。“杂”在篇与章的分组中扮演着重要角色:作为各篇的分组,用以标识文献本身的重要程度,将拼凑的、诠释和补充性质的内容归入“杂”,以突出作者手著的完整之篇;作为各章的分组,主要在主题的层面进行区分,将有关士人个人修养的内容放入“杂”,以突出君道臣术。“杂”类的划分一方面是由于当时书无定形的特殊文献状况,另一方面是受儒家重政教和明贵贱思想观念的影响。刘向校书最早以“杂”区分一书内容的高低主次,开启了后世书籍将边缘内容编为“杂”的做法。Ancient books inthe Western Han Dynasty were still in an open state,Liu Xiang often needed to rearrange the internal structure ofabook since there was few definite edition of books at that time."Miscellaneous"categoryyplays an important role in the grouping of articles and chapters:as agrouping of eacharticle,itis used tomark the importance of thedocumenttitself,and classifythepieced,annotated and supplementary contents into"Miscellaneous"to highlight the complete articles written bythe author;As a groupinggof each chapter,itis mainly distinguished at the themelevel,and thecontent about scholars"personal cultivation is put into Miscellaneous,SO astohighlight theskillsof monarch and minister.On the one hand,the classificatioon f"Miscellaneous"is due to the special literature situation of amorphous books atthat time,on the other hand,itis influencedbyConfucian ideas of attaching importance to politics andreligion andknowing the nobleand the inferior.Liu Xiang's proofreading booksfirst distinguished the primary and secondary contents ofabookby"Miscellaneous",which started thepracticeof compiling marginal contents into"Miscellaneous"inlaterbooks.

关 键 词：刘向校书 篇章分组 杂 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]