2004—2022年中国学校传染病防控政策的量化分析  

Quantitative analysis of prevention and control policies of school infectious diseases from 2004 to 2022

作　　者：白文清 王兆南[2] 任瑞琦 陈梦 程恩澍 常恬悦 贾哲 周蕾[1] BAI Wenqing;WANG Zhaonan;REN Ruiqi;CHEN Meng;CHENG Enshu;CHANG Tianyue;JIA Zhe;ZHOU Lei(China Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心,北京102206 [2]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心 [3]重庆医科大学 [4]内蒙古科技大学包头医学院

出　　处：《中国地方病防治》2023年第4期271-273,共3页Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71934002)。

摘　　要：目的 分析2004年以来国家层面学校传染病防控政策文件,了解其发布特征及内容特点,为政策优化提供参考。方法 采用内容分析法,构建政策工具和政策客体二维框架,利用Excel软件对纳入研究的文本进行编码、归类与量化分析。结果 2010年的发文数量最高,发文机构以教育部为主。政策工具维度中,环境型占73.17%、需求型占16.51%、供给型占10.32%。政策客体以学校及托幼园所(53.21%)、卫生(19.50%)和教育行政部门(15.83%)为主。二维分析结果显示,环境型政策工具主要在学校及托幼园所(52.98%)使用;需求型政策工具主要在学校及托幼园所(75.36%)使用;供给型政策工具主要在卫生行政部门(35.56%)使用。结论 我国学校传染病防控政策文件以环境型政策工具为主,政策客体主要为学校及托幼园所、卫生和教育行政部门,建议今后适当增加供给型政策工具比重。Objective To analyze the policy documents of school infectious disease prevention and control released since 2004 from the national level,to realize the characteristics of release and content and provide references for policy optimization.Methods A two-dimensional framework of policy tools and objects was constructed,and the texts included in the study were coded,categorized and quantitatively analyzed using Excel software.Results The highest number of releases was in 2010,and the Ministry of Education was the main institution.Among the dimensions of policy tools,73.17% were environment-oriented,16.51% were demand-oriented and 10.32% were supply-oriented.The policy objects were dominated by schools and kindergartens(53.21%),health(19.50%)and education(15.83%) administration.The results of the two-dimensional analysis showed that environmental tools were mainly used in schools and kindergartens(52.98%).Demand-oriented tools were mainly used in schools and kindergartens.Supply-oriented tools were mainly used in the health administration(35.56%).Conclusion The policy documents of school infectious diseases mainly use environmental policy tools,and the policy objects are mainly schools and kindergartens.The proportion of supply-based policy tools should be increased in the future.

关 键 词：学校传染病防控 政策工具 政策客体 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R197