阴山北麓旱作区主要作物需水量及需水规律分析  

Analysis of Water Requirement and Water Requirement Law of Main Crops in Dryland Area at The Northern Foot of Yinshan Mountain

作　　者：康文钦 石晓华[2] 段海文 李蕾 张兰英 景宇鹏 KANG Wenqin;SHI Xiaohua;DUAN Haiwen;LI Lei;ZHANG Lanying;JING Yupeng(Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural&Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010031,China;Agricultural College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010010,China;Ordos Bureau of Soil and Water Conservation Supervision and Law Enforcement,Ordos,Inner Mongolia 017010,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [2]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [3]鄂尔多斯市水土保持监督执法局,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017010

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2023年第S01期13-16,20,共5页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0065、2022YFDZ0067、2022YFHH0022);鄂尔多斯市科技计划项目(2021YY社156-56);鄂尔多斯市科技合作重大专项(2021EEDSCXQDFZ004,2021ZD社17-18);鄂尔多斯市揭榜挂帅(JBGS-2021-001)。

摘　　要：为分析阴山北麓旱作区主要作物需水量和离水规律,根据阴山北麓地区作物和气候资料,计算该地区主要作物的需水量,并对不同作物水分利用情况进行评价。结果表明:阴山北麓旱作区主要栽培作物在不同生育阶段对水分的需求量不同,各作物需水量大小依次为:向日葵>玉米>多年生苜蓿>马铃薯>莜麦>春小麦,并分析作物需水与作物生长的关系。考虑到作物在该地区产量和种植面积的优势,应优先考虑马铃薯的种植。玉米和多年生苜蓿是阴山北麓旱作区重要的饲草料作物,由于该地区热量和水分不足,推广大面积种植受到制约。综上所述,基于水资源高效利用的优化作物布局,能够促进该地区水资源合理利用和农牧业的可持续发展。In order to analyze the water requirement and the rule of water requirement of main crops in the dry area at the north foot of Yinshan Mountain,according to crop and climate data,the water requirement of main crops in the north foot of Yinshan was calculated,and the water use of different crops was evaluated.The water requirement of main cultivated crops in different growth stages was different.The water requirement of each crop was sunflower>corn>perennial alfalfa>potato>naked oats>spring wheat.The relationship between crop water demand and crop growth was analyzed.Considering the advantages of crop yield and planting area in this region,potato planting should be given priority.Maize and perennial alfalfa are important forage crops in the dry area at the north foot of Yinshan Mountain.Due to the lack of heat and water in this area,large-scale planting is restricted.In conclusion,optimizing crop layout based on efficient use of water resources can promote rational use of water resources and sustainable development of agriculture and animal husbandry in this region.

关 键 词：阴山北麓旱作区 作物需水量 作物需水规律 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学] S512.12S274