松花菜新品种‘津优松60’的选育及栽培要点  

Breeding and Cultivatian of New Cauliflower Cultivar‘Jinyousong60’

作　　者：文正华[1] 张小丽 刘莉莉[1] 牛国保[1] 江汉民[1] 单晓政[1] WEN Zhenghua;ZHANG Xiaoli;LIU Lili;NIU Guobao;JIANG Hanmin;SHAN Xiaozheng(Tianjin Kernel Vegetable Research Institute,Tianjin 300380,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科润蔬菜研究所,天津300380

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2023年第S01期17-20,共4页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金项目(20JCYBJC00480);天津市农业科学院青年科研人员创新研究与实验项目(2021012);河北省重点研发计划(19226357D);天津市科技计划(19ZXZYSN00050)。

摘　　要：松花菜‘津优松60’是以雄性不育系FZ-14为母本、FL-75为父本配制而成的杂交新品种,成熟期60 d左右,株高70 cm,株展75 cm,株型直立,适宜密植,椭圆形叶片,内叶护球,抗黑腐病、霜霉病,适应性广,花球周正、半球、半松、雪白、极细嫩,单球质量1.1 kg左右,品质极优,口感脆甜,适合全国大部分地区秋季栽培。该品种在京津地区6月中旬播种,7月中下旬定植,各地播种和定植日期参照当地秋菜花执行,株行距60 cm×60 cm。因播种期正值高温多雨季节,苗期要注意防雨防虫,苗床见干见湿,秧苗四叶一心时选阴天或傍晚定植,浇缓苗水或多次中耕进行蹲苗。当植株心叶拧转时,施尿素225 kg·hm^(-2),每3~4 d浇1次水;花球膨大期,施尿素300 kg·hm^(-2),以后每隔5~6 d浇1次水,至花球收获。‘Jinyousong60’is a new hybrid with male-sterile line FZ-14 as female parent,and FL-75 as male parent.The maturity period of this cultivar is about 60 days.Its plant is upright type and suitable for dense planting,with plant height of 70 cm,plant width of 75 cm.The cultivar has oval leaves,protective inner leaves,resistance to black rot and downy mildew,wide adaptability,and produces regular,snow-white,hemisphere,delicate,around 1.1 kg flower curds of excellent quality,crisp and sweet taste.The cultivar is suitable for cultivation in most regions of the China in the autumn.This cultivar is sown in the mid-June and transplanted in the mid-and late-July in Beijing and Tianjin.The date of sowing and transplanting is also carried out according to the local 60-day cauliflower cultivar,and the spacing in the rows and spacing between rows is 60 cm×60 cm.Since the planting period is in the high temperature and humidity season,we pay attention to rain and insect prevention,and ensure that the seedbed is dry and wet at seedling stage.The four-leaf stages seedlings are planted in cloudy day or evening and the growth of seedlings are restrained through watering or multiple ploughing.When the heart leaves begin twist,the amount of urea applied is 225 kg·hm^(-2),water per 3 to 4 days.During the curd expansion period,the amount of urea applied is 300 kg·hm^(-2),after water per 5 days to 6 days until to curd harvest.

关 键 词：花椰菜 ‘津优松60’ 密植 

分 类 号：Q965.9[生物学—昆虫学]