多级次改性SiO_(2)/PU超疏水涂层的制备及应用  

Preparation and Application of Hierarchical Modified SiO_(2)/PU Superhydrophobic Coatings

作　　者：董凯 薛志宏 卢自强 何鹏杰[1] 李杰[1] 卢自英 茹海波 DONG Kai;XUE Zhihong;LU Ziqiang;HE Pengjie;LI Jie;LU Ziying;RU Haibo(State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Company UHV Transmission Branch,Taiyuan 030021,China)

机构地区：[1]国网山西省电力公司超高压输电分公司,太原030021

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2023年第15期125-132,共8页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：国网山西省电力公司科技项目(52051K220002)。

摘　　要：为了消除航空飞行器表面、电力传输电缆、风力涡轮机叶片等因低温结冰而带来的不利影响,同时为了增强航空飞行器表面吸波涂层的自清洁能力,将经过硅烷偶联剂改性的纳米二氧化硅(n-SiO_(2))和微米二氧化硅(m-SiO_(2))填料按照质量比6∶1共混后与聚氨酯(PU)基体复合制得多级次改性SiO_(2)/PU超疏水涂层。研究表明,m-SiO_(2)在PU基体中较好的分散状态提升了涂层的稳定性,有效消除了因n-SiO_(2)团聚而出现的涂层开裂现象。n-SiO_(2)和m-SiO_(2)填料在涂层的表面共同构筑起致密的多级次微凸起疏水结构,可以截留更多的空气来增大水滴的气–液接触面积。多级次改性SiO_(2)/PU超疏水涂层的水接触角可达158.56°±1.08°,并且具有良好的自清洁能力和耐磨性。此外,多级次改性SiO_(2)/PU超疏水涂层优秀的透波性能使其不会对吸波涂层的性能产生不利影响,表明制备的多级次改性SiO_(2)/PU超疏水涂层是一种理想的吸波材料保护涂层。In order to eliminate the adverse effects of low-temperature icing on the surfaces of aerospace vehicles,power transmission cables,wind turbine blades,etc.,and to enhance the self-cleaning capability of the absorbing coatings on the surfaces of aerospace vehicles,modified hierarchical SiO_(2)/PU superhydrophobic coating was produced by compounding nano-silicon dioxide(n-SiO_(2))and micron-silicon dioxide(m-SiO_(2))fillers modified by silane coupling agent with polyurethane(PU)matrix in a 6∶1 mass ratio.The results show that the better dispersion of m-SiO_(2)in the PU matrix improves the stability of the coating and effectively eliminates the cracking of the coating due to the agglomeration of n-SiO_(2).The n-SiO_(2)and m-SiO_(2)fillers work together on the surface of the coating to build up a dense hierarchical micro-bulge hydrophobic structure,which can trap more air to increase the air–liquid contact area of water droplets.The water contact angle of the hierarchical modified SiO_(2)/PU superhydrophobic coating can reach 158.56°±1.08°and has good self-cleaning ability and wear resistance.In addition,the excellent wavetransparent property of the hierarchical modified SiO_(2)/PU superhydrophobic coating does not adversely affect the performance of the absorbing coating.It is shown that the prepared hierarchical modified SiO_(2)/PU superhydrophobic coating is an ideal protective coating for wave-absorbing materials.

关 键 词：二氧化硅(SiO_(2)) 聚氨酯 超疏水 自清洁 吸波材料 

分 类 号：TB306[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]