耦合装药条件下不同孔径孔壁冲击压力的阶段特征  

Stage characteristics of impact pressure of blasthole-walls with different diameters under coupled charge conditions

作　　者：楼晓明[1,2] 陈诗伟 李广斌 牛明远 林日宗 姚炳金 LOU Xiaoming;CHEN Shiwei;LI Guangbin;NIU Mingyuan;LIN Rizong;YAO Bingjin(Zijin School of Geology and mining,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350116,Fujian,China;Institute of explosion technology,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350116,Fujian,China;Wulate Houqi Zijin Mining Co.,Ltd.,Bayannur 015543,Inner Mongolia,China;Zijin Mining Construction Co.,Ltd.,Longyan 364299,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学紫金地质与矿业学院,福建福州350116 [2]福州大学爆炸技术研究所,福建福州350116 [3]乌拉特后旗紫金矿业有限公司,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015543 [4]紫金矿业建设有限公司,福建龙岩364299

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2023年第8期166-179,共14页Explosion and Shock Waves

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51679093,51374112)。

摘　　要：为合理减小振动并确定单孔破坏的范围,需掌握不同孔径孔壁的冲击压力规律。通过分析孔壁在爆轰作用下的运动过程,构建了孔壁在受到爆炸冲击波时不可压缩流体动力膨胀、破岩粉碎和动态膨胀等3个阶段的简化计算模型,分别确定了各阶段的孔壁压力与时间的分段函数。基于理想气体膨胀方程,确定了孔壁峰值压力的理论放大系数,在数学上统一了孔壁压力变化的阶段特征,得到了炮孔耦合装药孔壁冲击压力孔壁压力特征变化曲线。依托LS-DYNA数值模拟软件和现场工业模型试验,采用数值分析和超动态应变测试模型试验的方法对计算模型结果进行对比分析,得到了耦合装药条件下5种不同孔径(51~200 mm)的孔壁数值分析历程点的冲击压力变化曲线,试验验证了孔壁峰值压力的理论放大系数,系数误差控制在了0.7%~6.4%之间。对比分析了76、90 mm两种特定工况下的理论计算、数值分析历程点和模型试验测点数据,结果表明:理论分段函数能够有效拟合数值分析和模型试验数据,峰值压力的误差分别为6.8%、4.9%,分段时间的误差分别为7.6%、4.8%。In order to reduce blasting vibration reasonably and determine the damage range of single hole,it is necessary to study the impact pressure changing law of different bore diameters.By analyzing the movement process of the hole wall under the action of detonation,a simplified calculation model for three stages of dynamic expansion of the incompressible fluid,rock-breaking,and dynamic expansion of the hole wall under the action of the explosive shock wave is established,and the time history subsection function of the hole wall pressure in each stage is determined.Based on the ideal gas expansion equation,the theoretical amplification factor of peak pressure on the bore wall is determined,the stage characteristics of bore wall pressure change were mathematically unified,and the impact pressure characteristic curves of impact pressure on the bore wall of blast-hole coupling charge were obtained.Based on LS-DYNA numerical simulation software and field industrial model test,the calculation model results were compared and validated by numerical analysis and super-dynamic strain test model test.The impact pressure curves of five different pore diameters(51-200 mm)under the coupled charge condition were obtained,and the theoretical amplification coefficient of the peak pore pressure was verified by experiments.The theoretical model error is controlled between 0.7%and 6.4%.The comparison and analysis of theoretical calculation,historical point of numerical analysis,and measured point data of model test under two specific conditions of 76 and 90 mm show that the theoretical piecewise function can effectively fit the data of numerical analysis and model test.The error of peak pressure is 6.8%and 4.9%,and that of time is 7.6%and 4.8%,respectively.

关 键 词：耦合装药 炮孔直径 力学模型 孔壁压力 模型试验 

分 类 号：O383[理学—流体力学]