赋能科技创新的科技金融投入组态研究--基于美国50个州和1个直辖特区的fsQCA分析  

A study on the configuration of Science and Technology Finance empowering Science and Technology Innovation--based on the fsQCA Analysis of 50 States and 1 Special Economic Zone in the United States

作　　者：廉玉金 杜宝贵[1] 魏凯丽 LIAN Yu-jin;DU Bao-gui;WEI Kai-li(College of Humanities&Law,Northeastern University,Liaoning Shenyang 110169,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学文法学院,辽宁沈阳110169

出　　处：《科学管理研究》2023年第4期144-152,共9页Scientific Management Research

基　　金：科技部国际司委托项目(编号:2021ICR12);辽宁省科学事业公益研究基金(软科学研究计划)(编号:2022JH15/10100034);辽宁省科协科技创新智库项目(编号:LNKX2022B09)。

摘　　要：揭示美国科技金融模式,更好地认识金融市场和经济运行规律。以美国50个州和1个直辖特区为案例样本,通过fsQCA方法,探索其财政科技投入、企业自有资金、银行科技贷款、创业风险投资和科技资本市场对科技创新效能的影响因素和组态关系。研究发现:(1)助力美国科技创新效能提升的科技金融投入组态路径有4种:“政府+企业+风投”路径、“企业+银行+市场”路径、“企业+风投”路径、“政府+企业+市场”路径;(2)致使美国科技创新效能不高的科技金融投入组态路径有4种:资金匮乏型、“资金+风投+市场”不足型、“资金+贷款”贫乏型、“贷款+风投”欠佳型;(3)企业自有资金和科技资本市场在高创新效能的组态路径中普遍充当核心条件,而企业自有资金、创业风险投资和科技资本市场等方面的核心条件缺失是造成低科技创新效能的直接诱因。In order to reveal the American Science and finance model,so as to help us better understand the financial market and economic operation law.Taking 50 states and one Special administrative region of the United States as case samples,the fsQCA method was used to explore the influencing factors and configuration relationships of financial investment in science and technology,enterprise's own funds,bank technology loans,venture capital and science and technology capital market on the efficiency of science and technology innovation.The results show that:there are four configuration paths of investment in science and technology finance that help improve the efficiency of science and technology innovation in the United States:""government+enterprise+venture capital"path,"enterprise+bank+market"path,"enterprise+venture capital"path,"government+enterprise+market"path;②There are four configuration paths of investment in science and technology finance,which lead to low efficiency of science and technology innovation in the United States:lack of capital,insufficient"capital+venture capital+market",poor"capital+loan",and poor"loan+venture capital".③Firm's own capital and science and technology capital market generally act as the core conditions in the configuration path of high innovation efficiency,and the lack of core conditions in firm's own capital,venture capital and science and technology capital market is the direct cause of low technology innovation efficiency.

关 键 词：美国 科技金融投入 科技创新 fsQCA 

分 类 号：G323[文化科学] F832[经济管理—金融学]