基于仿自然人工湿地的低污染水体碳氮协同调控优化措施研究  

Optimization measures of carbon and nitrogen coordinated regulation in lowpolluted water based on surface flow construct wetland

作　　者：杨艳红 卢金忠 谭丽琼 何春利 战楠 宗睿 蒋宇航 黄炳彬 陈月平[2] YANG Yanhong;LU Jinzhong;TAN Liqiong;HE Chunli;ZHAN Nan;ZONG Rui;JIANG Yuhang;HUANG Bingbin;CHEN Yueping(Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute,Beijing 100048;Beijing Guanting Reservoir Management Office,Zhangjiakou 075441;The Administrative Office of the Old Summer Palace,Haidian District,Beijing 100084)

机构地区：[1]北京市水科学技术研究院,北京100048 [2]北京市官厅水库管理处,张家口075441 [3]北京市海淀区圆明园管理处,北京100084

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2023年第8期153-164,共12页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：北京市科技计划课题(No.Z191100006919003);北京水务青年科技骨干人才培养计划项目(No.BWAPT202003)。

摘　　要：针对低污染水补给城市河湖景观水体后氮磷营养盐削减、COD波动的问题,构建了仿自然人工湿地和生物塘,通过开展动水和静水试验,研究湿地生态配置和水力停留时间对各水质指标的影响.结果表明,螺、蚌、浮游动物及浮叶植物对COD、BOD5具有明显的抑制作用,且浮叶植物能够实现TN的高效去除并提高有机氮的氨化作用,仿自然人工湿地建议为“沉水植物+挺水植物+浮游动物+螺、蚌+浮叶植物”的生态系统组合.在上游低污染来水条件下,建议仿自然人工湿地水力停留时间为7 d,沉水植物种植8丛·m^(-2),挺水植物种植5丛·m^(-2),浮叶植物8株·m^(-2),浮游生物塘中投放中华圆田螺1000 g·m^(-2),椭圆背角无齿蚌2只·m^(-2),以实现仿自然湿地对低污染水体碳氮协同调控.The nutrient reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus along with COD fluctuation in urban river and lake landscape water caused by the replenishment of low-polluted water were investigated concerning the surface flow construct wetland and ponds.The impacts of ecological configuration and HRT changes on the water quality indicators were studied through the dynamic and static water tests.Results indicated that snails,mussels,zooplankton and floating plants showed obvious inhibitory effects on COD and BOD5,and floating plants had higher nitrogen removal efficiency with improved ammonification of organic nitrogen.The ecosystem combination of surface flow construct wetland as“submerged plants pond+emergent plants pond+zooplankton pond(with snails and clams)+floating plants”was recommended.In order to realize the coordinated regulation of both carbon and nitrogen under the replenishment of low-polluted water,the HRT of 7 days,the submerged plants with 8 clusters·m^(-2),the emergent plants with 5 clusters·m^(-2),the floating plants with 8 plants·m^(-2),snails with 1000 g·m^(-2) and mussels with 2 clams·m^(-2) in the plankton pond were suggested.

关 键 词：仿自然人工湿地 低污染水体 生态配置 碳氮协同调控 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]