2021年春季昆明市臭氧污染来源解析相关研究  

Relevant research on source analysis of ozone pollution in Kunming in spring 2021

作　　者：郭鹏 曾立民[1] 陆克定[1] GUO Peng;ZENG Limin;LU Keding(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Ozone Pollution Prevention and Control,State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871)

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境科学与工程学院,环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,国家环境保护大气臭氧污染防治重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2023年第8期202-213,共12页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委区域联合基金重点项目(No.U19A2044);2021年夏季重点区域PM_(2.5)和O_(3)污染立体综合观测研究项目。

摘　　要：于2021年4月15日-5月20日对昆明市大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)进行了监测,根据结果对昆明市VOCs的组成、日变化特征、臭氧生成潜势(OFP)和相对臭氧影响(ROI)进行了研究,并利用PMF模型对昆明市VOCs进行了来源解析.结果表明,昆明市大气VOCs平均体积分数为(14.19±7.09)×10^(-9),OVOCs占比最大达到32.21%.TVOCs日变化规律显著,呈早上高、下午低的变化规律;OVOCs日变化规律与O3较为相似,呈中午高、早晚低的特点.去除醛、酮化合物后,ROI和OFP的计算结果均表明烯烃对昆明市臭氧生成的贡献最大;OFP结果表明单物种乙烯(17.01%)对臭氧生成贡献最大,而ROI结果表明异戊二烯(19.31%)对臭氧生成贡献最大.通过特征比值法发现昆明市正丁烷、异丁烷主要来自液化石油气.T/B的特定比值表明芳香烃的来源以燃烧源为主.通过PMF模型解析出6种VOCs来源,依次为二次生成源(37.90%)、生物质燃烧源(21.20%)、溶剂使用源(14.86%)、机动车尾气源(10.74%)、工业排放源(7.67%)和天然源(7.63%).The atmospheric VOCs were measured from April 15 to May 20,2021 in Kunming.The VOCs composition,variation,ozone formation potential(OFP),and relative ozone impact(ROI)in Kunming were investigated,and the source apportionment of measured VOCs was analyzed by the PMF model.The results showed that the average volume fraction of VOCs in Kunming was(14.19±7.09)×10^(-9),and the most significant proportion(32.21%)in TVOCs was OVOCs.A clear diurnal variation of TVOCs was observed with higher concentration in the morning and lower in the afternoon,which is very similar to that of O3.The calculated ROI and OFP showed that alkenes contributed the most to ozone formation in Kunming,excluding aldehydes and ketones.OFP results showed that ethylene(17.01%)had the largest contribution to ozone formation in a single VOCs species,while ROI results showed that isoprene(19.31%)contributed the most to ozone formation.With the characteristic ratio method,it was found that nbutane and isobutane in Kunming were mainly from liquefied petroleum gas.The specific ratio of T/B indicates that aromatic hydrocarbons were mainly from combustion sources.The six VOCs sources were resolved by the PMF model,including secondary source(37.90%),biomass combustion source(21.20%),solvent source(14.86%),vehicle exhaust source(10.74%),industrial emission source(7.67%),and natural source(7.63%).

关 键 词：昆明市 挥发性有机物(VOCs) 日变化规律 臭氧生成潜势(OFP) 相对臭氧影响(ROI) PMF源解析 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]