柠条锦鸡儿生物量分配规律与异速生长对氮、磷添加的响应  

Response of biomass allocation and allometric growth of Caragana Korshinskii to nitrogen and phosphorus addition

作　　者：张力斌 何明珠 张珂 ZHANG Libin;HE Mingzhu;ZHANG Ke(Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Zhengzhou University of Light Industry,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]郑州轻工业大学,郑州450000

出　　处：《生态学报》2023年第16期6627-6636,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA 2003010301);国家自然科学基金项目(41671103);宁夏回族自治区交通局项目(WMKY1)。

摘　　要：氮(N)和磷(P)元素在生态系统的结构和功能、稳定性、服务价值和可持续发展中起着关键作用。但自工业革命以来,全球气候变化受人类活动影响愈加剧烈。气候变化不同程度的影响干旱和半干旱区的氮磷循环过程,进而改变植物个体生物量积累以及植被生产力。因此,探究荒漠植物的生物量积累与分配规律对氮、磷添加的响应机制,有助于深入理解干旱区植物应对大气氮磷沉降等气候变化的适应策略。以荒漠植物柠条锦鸡儿(Caragana korshinskii Kom.,以下简称柠条)为研究对象,通过养分添加控制实验研究柠条地上/地下生物量的积累和分配,揭示其异速生长规律。实验包括3种形态的氮素添加(NH_(4)^(+)、NH_(4)NO_(3)、NO_(3)^(-))和1种磷素添加(H_(2)PO_(4)^(-)),分别对应4个浓度梯度(4 g/m^(2)、8 g/m^(2)、16 g/m^(2)和32 g/m^(2))。结果表明,NO_(3)^(-)添加对柠条生物量有显著影响,但不同浓度对柠条生物量的影响无显著差异;单独的NH+4添加对柠条地上/地下部分生长都具有显著抑制作用,且抑制作用与添加浓度呈显著的正相关关系;NH_(4)NO_(3)添加初期对柠条地上/地下生物量均具有促进作用,但这种促进作用会随着柠条生长和后期NH_(4)NO_(3)添加浓度的增加而消失;高浓度NH4NO3添加量(32 g/m^(2))会抑制柠条的生长。低浓度(4 g/m^(2)、8 g/m^(2))外源氮添加会使柠条的生物量主要优先配给地下部分;磷添加则会使柠条的生物量分配策略向地上部分倾斜。综上所述,研究结果表明柠条改变地上和地下的生物量分配策略以响应氮或/和磷沉降。这一结论不仅增强了我们对植物生长策略的认识,而且有助于我们揭示全球气候变化条件下干旱地区土壤与植物之间的氮、磷循环和转化。Nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)elements play key roles in the structure and function,stability,service value and sustainable development of ecosystems.However,since the industrial revolution,global climate change has been increasingly affected by human activities.Climate change differentially affects nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)cycles in arid and semi-arid regions,which results in changes in plant biomass accumulation and vegetation productivity.Revealing the mechanisms of plant biomass accumulation and allocation in arid regions for responding to nitrogen and phosphorus addition could enhance an understanding of vegetation strategies under N and/or P deposition resulting from climate changes.In this study,Caragana korshinskii Kom.,one dominant taxa in the desert,was selected to elucidate the accumulation,distribution and allometric growth in aboveground/belowground biomass.The N addition included three fractions(NH_(4)^(+),NH_(4)NO_(3),NO_(3)^(-))and P addition included one fraction,i.e.,H_(2)PO_(4)^(-).They were all experimented with in four concentration gradients(4 g/m^(2),8 g/m^(2),16 g/m^(2),and 32 g/m^(2)).Results showed that there was no significant difference in C.Korshinskii biomass under the four concentrations of NO3-,the interaction of added concentration and time also had no significant effect on the biomass of C.Korshinskii;in contrast to NO3-addition,the interaction between NH4+concentration and time had a significant effect on the biomass of C.Korshinskii,and NH4+addition alone had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of aboveground/belowground parts of C.Korshinskii;the NH4NO3 addition in the low concentration promoted the aboveground and belowground biomass of C.Korshinskii,but this promotion disappeared with the growth of C.Korshinskii or the increase of NH_(4)NO_(3) concentration.The high concentration of NH4NO3(32 g/m^(2))inhibited the growth of C.Korshinskii;the interaction of P addition concentration and time had no significant effect on the aboveground biomass of C.Korshinskii,but h

关 键 词：氮沉降 标准主轴法(SMA) 固沙植物 最优分配假说 

分 类 号：S793.3[农业科学—林木遗传育种]