贵州省毕节地区大型真菌资源调查及亲缘关系分析  

Resources Survey and Phylogenetic Analysis of Macrofungi in Bijie Area of Guizhou Province

作　　者：杨雨 秦利军[1] YANG Yu;QIN Li-jun(Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region,Ministry of Education,Institute of Agro-Bioengineering and College of Life Sciences,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学山地植物资源与种质创新教育部重点实验室/农业生物工程研究院/生命科学学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2023年第4期18-27,共10页Edible Fungi of China

基　　金：贵州省科技计划重点项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2451号)。

摘　　要：通过随机采样法对贵州毕节部分地区大型真菌进行调查,最终获得30份样品。参照《中国·贵州高等真菌原色图鉴》和《贵州大型真菌》对采集的30份样品进行形态学比较和分类;同时,结合ITS和LSU保守区扩增、比对,最终确定30份样本分属于2门2纲5目13科15属。其中,伞菌目(Agaricales)占比最高,约占总数的53.3%;其次为红菇目(Russulales),占总数的30.0%;而地星目(Geastrales)和蘑菇目(Agaricales)数量最少,均约占总数的3.3%。基于ITS保守区聚类结果表明,不同菌株与其近缘物种表现出优先聚类的特点。其中BJ-17和BJ-28以99%的支持率聚为一支,暗示两者可能为同一个种,而BJ-7与栎裸脚伞(Gymnopus dryophilus MW816514.1)、BJ-25与栎裸脚伞(G.dryophilus var.MW554237.1)的ITS序列相似性低于90%,则推测其可能为裸脚伞属(Gymnopus)不同种。调查发现,红菇属(Russula)和乳菇属(Lactarius)在毕节地区较为常见且经济价值较大,可作为该地区大型食用菌种质资源开发的优良菌种。Random sampling method was used to investigate macrofungi in some areas of Bijie,Guizhou,and 30 samples were obtained.The 30 samples were compared and classified according to Colored illustration of Higher Fungi from Guizhou in P.R.China and The Macrofungi from Guizhou,China.Meanwhile,the 30 samples were classified into 2 phyla,2 classes,5 orders,13 families and 15 genera by the amplification and comparison of ITS and LSU conserved regions.Among them,Agaricales accounted for the highest proportion,accounting for about 53.3%of the total;followed by Russulales,accounting for 30.0%of the total,while Geastrales and Agaricales were the least in number,both accounted for about 3.3%of the total.Clustering results based on the conserved regions of ITS and LUS showed that different strains and their relatives exhibited preferential aggregation characteristics.Among them,BJ-17 and BJ-28 are clustered together with 99%support,suggesting that the two may be the same species,and the ITS sequence similarity between BJ-7 and Gymnopus dryophilus(MW816514.1),BJ-25 and G.dryophilus var.(MW554237.1)is less than 90%,then it is speculated that they may be the different species of Gymnopus.Through investigation,it was found that among these strains,Russula and Lactarius are relatively common and have great economic value,and can be used as excellent strains for developing macrofungi germplasm resources in Bijie area.

关 键 词：大型真菌 形态特征 ITS LSU 亲缘关系 

分 类 号：S646.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]