2株野生猴头菇的生物学特性、驯化和栽培模式研究  

Study on Biological Characteristics,Domestication and Cultivation Patterns of Two Wild Strains of Hericium erinaceus

作　　者：陆珠 纪淑娟[1] 任梓铭 王月 谢孟乐 杨阳 于延申 张桐 LU Zhu;JI Shu-juan;REN Zi-ming;WANG Yue;XIE Meng-le;YANG Yang;YU Yan-shen;ZHANG Tong(Jilin Province Vegetable and Flower Research Institute,Changchun 130033,China;Environment and Plant Protection Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101,China;College of Food Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China;Jilin Province Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Changchun 130033,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省蔬菜花卉科学研究院,吉林长春130033 [2]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南海口571101 [3]扬州大学食品科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225127 [4]吉林省农业技术推广总站,吉林长春130033

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2023年第4期28-33,40,共7页Edible Fungi of China

基　　金：2023年吉林省部门预算基本科研经费项目;海南省自然科学基金(322QN365);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1630042022003,1630042022020)。

摘　　要：猴头菇野生资源丰富,可作为新品种选育的重要来源。以采集到的2株野生猴头菇为材料,基于内转录间隔区(ITS)序列进行鉴定,并开展生物学特性分析、驯化出菇试验和栽培模式研究。结果表明,2株野生菌株均为猴头菇,蔗糖、酵母粉、KH2PO40.15%+MgSO20.1%分别为2个菌株通用的最适碳源、氮源和元素,最适培养温度均为20~25℃。2株野生猴头菇均可驯化出菇,与栽培菌株相比,2个野生菌株的子实体较大,菇形好,肉质紧密,产量高。其中野生驯化菌株A的平均生物学效率高达110.43%。2个野生菌株的最优栽培模式均为棚内立体床架摆放式栽培。本试验结果可为猴头菇野生菌株的驯化栽培提供参考,同时为今后猴头菇育种提供新的种质资源。The wild resources of Hericium erinaceus is rich and can be used as an important source for new varieties breeding.Two wild H.erinaceus strains were collected as materials and identified based on internal transcribed spacer(ITS)sequence,and biological characteristics analysis,domestication experiment and cultivation patterns were carried out.The results showed that the two wild strains were identified as Hericium erinaceus,and there were certain differences in the biological characteristics of the two strains,but sucrose,yeast powder and KH2PO40.15%+MgSO40.1%were the same suitable carbon source,nitrogen source and element for the two strains,respectively.The appropriate calture temperature of the two strains was the same,which were 20-25°C.The two strains can be domesticated to produce fruit bodies.Compared with the cultivated strains,the two wild strains had larger fruit bodies,good shape,compact context and high yield,and the average biological efficiency of wild domesticated strain A was 110.43%.The optimal cultivation pattern of the two wild strains was the stereoscopic shelf cultivation in the shed.The results can provide a reference for the domestication and cultivation of wild H.erinaceus strains,and provide new germplasm resources for H.erinaceus breeding in the future.

关 键 词：猴头菇 生物学特性 驯化 栽培模式 

分 类 号：S646.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]