汽车排气消声器声浪特性的正向开发  

Forward Development of Acoustic Wave Characteristics of Automobile Exhaust Muffler

作　　者：罗萌萌 罗恩志[1] 李钰 Luo Mengmeng;Luo Enzhi;Li Yu(R&D Center of Great Wall Motor Company,Hebei Automotive Engineering Technical Center,Baoding 071000)

机构地区：[1]长城汽车股份有限公司技术中心,河北省汽车技术创新中心,保定071000

出　　处：《中国汽车》2023年第8期23-27,共5页China Auto

摘　　要：基于对某车型的排气口原始噪声进行测试分析,通过开发不同类型的声音样本以及评审目标声音样本,利用GT-POWER软件搭建原始噪声排气模型并修正仿真与试验精度;通过设计低频腔结构、调整消声管的直径、长度和整个腔体的容积,有效控制车内低频的压耳感;通过控制旁通结构调整尾管长度,设计尾管的声学模态频率在排气尾管内产生驻波并达到共振效果,提高声音明亮感;利用高频管声学原理,消除高频噪声,降低气流噪声。最终根据主观评价和排气尾管噪声测试结果,对排气结构进行反复优化设计,使排气尾管噪声主观评价满足动感音要求。Based on the test and analysis of the original noise at the exhaust port of a vehicle model,by developing different types of sound samples and evaluating the target sound samples,the original noise exhaust model is built using GT-POWER software and the simulation and test accuracy are corrected;by designing the low-frequency cavity structure,adjusting the diameter and length of the muffler tube and the volume of the whole cavity,the low-frequency ear-pressing sensation in the car can be effectively controlled;by controlling the bypass structure to adjust the length of the tailpipe,the acoustic modal frequency of the tailpipe is designed to generate standing waves in the tailpipe and achieve resonance effect,so as to improve the sound brightness;use the acoustic principle of high-frequency tube to eliminate high-frequency noise and reduce airflow noise.Finally,according to the subjective evaluation and exhaust tailpipe noise test results,the exhaust structure is repeatedly optimized to meet the dynamic sound requirements of the subjective evaluation of exhaust tailpipe noise.

关 键 词：直通设计 共振 旁通结构 高频管 

分 类 号：U46[机械工程—车辆工程]