论《监察法》中的涉案人员及其权利保护  

On the Persons Involved in the Law Case and Their Rights Protection by the Law on Supervision

作　　者：秦前红[1] 李世豪 QIN Qianhong;LI Shihao(School of Law,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《吉首大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期1-11,共11页Journal of Jishou University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：研究阐释党的十九届六中全会精神国家社会科学基金重大项目(22ZDA040)。

摘　　要：在深化纪检监察体制改革的背景下,《监察法》规定了涉案人员这一特殊概念。实践中监察机关和监察人员对涉案人员的使用较为混乱,而《监察法》也并未有条文对涉案人员这一概念作出明确界定。通过对《监察法》和《监察法实施条例》的考察,可以抽象和归纳出监察法规范体系中涉案人员在广义上的类型特征,即牵涉监察机关所管辖的公职人员职务违法犯罪案件之中,与主案存在关联。在广义涉案人员的范畴内,从保障人权的角度出发,应将涉案人员明确界定为与主案存在关联的,涉嫌行贿犯罪、介绍贿赂犯罪或共同职务犯罪的人员。在监察法规范中,对于与上述定义相冲突的涉案人员条款,应在后续立法中予以修正,以维护法制统一。在惩治腐败的前提条件下,为保障监察涉案人员的合法权利,应做好对涉案人员认罪认罚从宽制度的理解与适用。在监察程序中赋予涉案人员律师帮助权,建立公职律师法律帮助制度。在对涉案人员适用监察措施时,须严格遵照法律并符合比例原则。此外,应通过制度建构将符合条件的涉案人员转化为“污点证人”,对其提供作证豁免途径。Under the background of deepening the reform of discipline inspection and supervision system,the Law on Supervision stipulates the special concept of persons involved in the law case.In practice,the supervisory organs and supervisors are confused about the concept of the persons involved in the case,and the Law on Supervision does not have any provision to clearly define the concept of the persons involved.Through the investigation and summary of the Law on Supervision and the Regulations on the Implementation of the Law on Supervision,the broad type characteristics of the persons involved in the normative system of the Law on Supervision can be abstracted,that is,they are involved in the crimes committed by public officials under the jurisdiction of the supervisory organs,related to the main case.Within the scope of the meaning of the persons involved in the case in a broad sense,from the point of view of the protection of human rights,the persons involved should be clearly defined as those who are related to the main case and are suspected of bribery,introduction of bribery or joint duty crimes.The provisions of the persons involved in the norms of the Law on Supervision that conflict with the above definition should be amended in the subsequent legislation in order to maintain the unity of the legal system.Under the premise of punishing corruption,in order to protect the legal rights of the persons involved in the case,we should do a good job in the understanding and application of the lenient system of pleading guilty to punishment.In the supervision procedure,the right of lawyer assistance is given to the persons involved in the case,and the legal assistance system of public lawyers is established.When applying monitoring measures to the persons involved in the case,they must strictly abide by the law and comply with the principle of proportionality.In addition,the qualified persons involved in the case should be transformed into"tainted witnesses"through the construction of the system,and exemptions should

关 键 词：涉案人员 监察法 监察法实施条例 职务犯罪 公职人员 

分 类 号：D922.11[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]