苦木组织培养与快速繁殖技术研究  

Research on Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation Technology of Picrasma Quassioides

作　　者：洪聪慧 阿米乃 刘同 汪长江 冷英 魏正才 杜克兵[1] HONG Conghui;A Minai;LIU Tong;WANG Changjiang;LENG Ying;WEI Zhengcai;DU Kebing(College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Xiangyang Academy of Forestry,Xiangyang 441052,China;Forest Seed and Seedling Management Station of Hubei Forestry Bureau,Wuhan 430079,China;Xiangyang Natural Resources and Planning Bureau,Xiangyang 441003,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,武汉430070 [2]襄阳市林业科学研究所,湖北襄阳441052 [3]湖北省林业局林木种苗管理总站,武汉430079 [4]襄阳市自然资源和规划局,湖北襄阳441003

出　　处：《湖北民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期281-285,307,共6页Journal of Hubei Minzu University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：湖北省林业科技支撑重点项目([2017]LYKJ04);神农架林区林业科技计划项目(SAF202108)。

摘　　要：针对苦木扦插生根困难,嫁接成本高且受季节的限制,播种繁殖发芽率不高,在短期内无法提供大量苗木等问题,提出了以苦木优良单株的带芽茎段为外植体,进行不同浓度6-苄氨基腺嘌呤(6-benzylaminopurine,6-BA)、萘乙酸(naphthalene acetic acid,NAA)和3-吲哚丁酸(indole-3-butyric acid,IBA)的激素组合实验,通过筛选最佳外植体消毒方法、初代培养基、增殖培养基和生根培养基等,建立苦木组织培养与快速繁殖的技术体系。结果表明,外植体用0.1%氯化汞处理6.5 min,消毒效果最佳,褐化率和污染率分别为16.67%和21.67%。最适宜的初代培养基为DKW(Driver-Kuniyuki-Walnut)+2.50%蔗糖+0.80%琼脂+1.00 mg/L 6-BA+0.10 mg/L NAA,30 d后腋芽萌发率达76.67%。最适宜的增殖培养基为DKW+2.50%蔗糖+0.60%琼脂+3.00 mg/L 6-BA+0.10 mg/L NAA,35 d后增殖系数达5.67。最适宜的生根培养基为DKW+2.50%蔗糖+0.80%琼脂+1.00 mg/L IBA+1.00 mg/L NAA,35 d后生根率可达100.00%。选取健壮组培苗进行移栽,成活率可达95.00%以上。该研究能用于苦木的种质资源保护和工厂化生产。As Picrasma quassioides has such problems as difficulty in rooting of cuttings,the high cost of grafting and the limitation of season,the low germination rate of sowing and reproduction,and the inability to provide a large number of seedlings in the short term,we proposed a technical system of rapid propagation of Picrasma quassioides tissue culture in chich the stem segments with buds of superior individual plants of Picrasma quassioides were used as explants to carry out hormone combination experiments with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine(6-BA),naphthalene acetic acid(NAA)and indole-3-butyric acid(IBA)by screening the best explant disinfection method,primary culture medium,proliferation medium and rooting medium,the technical system of rapid propagation of Picrasma quassioides tissue culture was established.The results showed that the explants treated with 0.1%mercuric chloride for 6.5 min had the best disinfection effect,and the browning rate and pollution rate were 16.67%and 21.67%.The optimum initial medium was Driver-Kuniyuki-Walnut(DKW)+2.50%sucrose+0.80%agar+1.00 mg/L 6-BA+0.10 mg/L NAA,and the germination rate of axillary buds reached 76.67%after 30 days.The optimum proliferation medium was DKW+2.50%sucrose+0.60%agar+3.00 mg/L 6-BA+0.10 mg/L NAA,and the proliferation coefficient was 5.67 after 35 days.The optimum rooting medium was DKW+2.50%sucrose+0.80%agar+1.00 mg/L IBA+1.00 mg/L NAA,and the rooting rate could reach 100.00%after 35 days.Healthy tissue culture seedlings were selected for transplanting,and the survival rate could reach more than 95.00%.This study can be used for the protection of germplasm resources and industrial production of Picrasma quassioides.

关 键 词：苦木 组织培养 外植体 消毒 增殖培养 生根培养 移栽 

分 类 号：S722.8[农业科学—林木遗传育种]