1980—2015年安徽省景观格局与生境质量时空演化特征分析  

Analysis on Spatio-Temporal Evolution Characteristics of Landscape Pattern and Habitat Quality in Anhui Province from 1980 to 2015

作　　者：王畅畅 王萌 汪左 王蕊[1,2] 鞠森 WANG Chang-chang;WANG Meng;WANG Zuo;WANG Rui;JU Sen(School of Geography and Tourism,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241002,China;Engineering Technology Research Center of Resources Environment and GIS,Anhui Province,Wuhu 241002,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学地理与旅游学院,安徽芜湖241002 [2]资源环境与地理信息工程安徽省工程技术研究中心,安徽芜湖241002

出　　处：《安徽师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第4期348-358,共11页Journal of Anhui Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(2008085QD166);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41501379);安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(2021003).

摘　　要：为探索现代城市化背景下安徽省土地利用类型变化对景观格局与生境质量的影响,基于安徽省1980—2015年时间序列土地利用类型数据,利用ArcGIS、Fragstats、InVEST模型等软件,分别从整体景观级别、类型景观级别、生境质量等级、生境退化度等方面对安徽省景观格局与生境质量进行分析与评估。结果表明:(1)安徽省土地利用整体空间格局无明显变化,土地利用转移变化以耕地向建设用地转移为主,79.6%的耕地流失面积转化为建设用地;(2)安徽省各景观指标波动范围10%左右,各斑块类型在景观中呈均衡化趋势分布,人类活动干扰程度的增大导致景观分散度、破碎化程度增强,优势地类间连通性下降;(3)安徽省整体生境质量指数年平均值在0.36~0.46之间,各城市生境退化度年平均值在0~0.06之间,北方地区生境质量低于南方、生境退化度高于南方,生境质量“优”“中”等级面积约占31%,“中”等级以下情况逐年改善,2010年以后所占面积维持在45%。研究结论对安徽省制定合理的土地利用政策、保护生态多样性、识别重要生境斑块、优化生态系统服务功能等具有一定的参考价值。To explore the influence of land use type changes on landscape pattern and habitat quality in Anhui Province in the context of modern urbanization,this paper uses software such as ArcGIS,Fragstats and InVEST model based on time series land use type data from 1980-2015 in Anhui Province to analyze and assess the overall landscape level,type landscape level,habitat quality level,and habitat degradation degree respectively.The re-sults show that:(1)the overall spatial pattern of land use in Anhui Province has not changed significantly,and the transfer of land use is mainly from arable land to construction land,with 79.6%of the arable land lost to con-struction land;(2)the fluctuation range of each landscape index in Anhui Province is about 10%,and the distri-bution of each patch type in the landscape is balanced,and the increase of human activity interference leads to the dispersion and fragmentation of the landscape.(3)The annual average value of habitat quality in Anhui Province ranges from 0.36 to 0.46,and the annual average value of habitat degradation in each city ranges from 0 to 0.06.The habitat quality in the north is lower than that in the south,and the habitat degradation is higher than that in the south.The area of"excellent"and"medium"habitat quality accounts for 31%,and the situation below"medi-um"grade improves year by year,and the area of"medium"grade is maintained at 45%after 2010.The findings of the study are useful for formulating reasonable land use policies,protecting ecological diversity,identifying important habitat patches,and optimizing ecosystem service functions in Anhui Province.

关 键 词：景观格局 生境质量 时空变化 安徽省 

分 类 号：K909[历史地理—人文地理学]