“初衷”与“折中”——南宋馆阁正字、校书郎除职研究  

Original Intention and Compromise:A Study on the Dismissal of Zhengzi and Jiaoshulang in Guange of the Southern Song Dynasty

作　　者：成明明[1] CHENG Ming-ming(Faculty of Liberal Arts,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学文学院,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《西北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第5期55-65,共11页Journal of Northwest University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“岁时节俗与宋诗研究”(19BZW071)。

摘　　要：秘书省正字、校书郎除授,是南宋馆阁制度的重要组成,鉴于为国储备公卿之才的“初衷”,选拔程序严格,有召试除职、荐举试职和免试直除三种方式。作为“折中”的直除,昭示了重用人才、求贤若渴的国家形象。馆职召试仅试策一道,要求博通古今,为当下朝廷提供切实有效的策略方案。馆职对策要求鲠亮切直,忠谠无偏;深于事理,逻辑严密;文气恢宏,辞藻温润等。实际上,对策颂圣谀世层见叠出,含金量未必很高,但由于召试者的身份特征和素养要求,其水准还是高于一般试策。文人入馆后的平台特质和职业要求,文士间的砥砺切磋,致使他们既能履行代王立言、润色鸿业的基本职任,又能彰显“深思治乱,指陈得失”的政治品格。制度初衷和现实折中的融渗里,馆阁机构有效有序运转。The appointment of Zhengzi and Jiaoshulang in the secretary province was an important part of the Guange system in the Southern Song Dynasty.In view of the original intention of reserving high-end talents for the country,the selection process is strict,and there are three ways:examination award,recommendation examination and direct award.As a compromise,it showed the national image of reusing talents and seeking talents.The content of the examination was only one ce(策),which required the literati to understand the ancient and modern times and provided practical and effective strategies for the current court.The article required loyalty and impartiality,strict logic,grand tone and mild vocabulary.In fact,the counter-measures often praise the Son of Heaven,which may not be very valuable.However,due to the examinees’identity characteristics and quality requirements,their article level is still higher than that of the general strategy.The Guange duice(对策)often praised the emperor,and the value of the articles may not be very high.However,due to the identity characteristics and quality requirements of the examinees,their article level was still higher than other duice.The platform characteristics and professional requirements of the Guange,as well as the exchanges between scholars,enable them not only to perform the basic duties of spokesmen,but also to highlight the character of indicating political gains and losses.In the compromise between the original intention of the system and the reality,the Guange institutions had been operated effectively and orderly.

关 键 词：正字 校书郎 馆阁 除职 南宋 

分 类 号：K245[历史地理—历史学]