机械水直播稻田随播随用芽前除草剂筛选及其安全性评价  

Activity and safety of simultaneously using pre-emergence herbicides during sowing in mechanical wet direct-seeding rice field

作　　者：沈丽丽 施圣高 陈芳芳 SHEN Lili;SHI Shenggao;CHEN Fangfang(Planting Center of Bright Food Group Shanghai Chuandong Farm Co.,Ltd.,Yancheng 224133,China;Shanghai Siic Modern Agriculture Development Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 202183,China;Planting Center of Bright Food Group Shanghai Farm Co.,Ltd.,Yancheng 224151,China)

机构地区：[1]光明食品集团上海川东农场有限公司种植业中心,盐城224133 [2]上海上实现代农业开发有限公司,上海202183 [3]光明食品集团上海农场有限公司种植业中心,盐城224151

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2023年第4期101-105,共5页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

摘　　要：采用田间小区试验法开展机械水直播稻田随播随用芽前除草剂防除杂草效果及其对水稻的安全性评价研究。结果表明:4%双唑草腈SC 1 500 m L∕hm^(2)对千金子、异型莎草、耳基水苋菜和陌生菜防除效果优异,10%嘧草醚WP 450 g∕hm^(2)对稗草防除效果优异,两者混用能够有效扩大杀草谱,并可安全应用于机械水直播稻田。4%双唑草腈SC 1 500 m L∕hm^(2)+300 g∕L丙草胺EC 1 125 m L∕hm^(2)、4%双唑草腈SC 1 500 m L∕hm^(2)+10%嘧草醚WP 375 g∕hm^(2)于水稻机械直播后随播随用,对稗草、千金子、异型莎草、耳基水苋菜和陌生菜等稻田主要杂草的防效均可达96.7%—100%,且对水稻出苗率、株高和地上部鲜重均无不良影响,防除效果和安全性与常用对照药剂30%苄嘧·丙草胺OD 1 500 m L∕hm^(2)+专用安全剂375 m L∕hm^(2)无显著差异,生产上可进行交替使用。Field experiment was conducted to detect the weed control effect and rice safety evaluation of simultaneously using pre-emergence herbicides during sowing in mechanical wet direct-seeding rice field.The results showed that 4%Pyraclonil SC 1500 mL∕hm^(2) had excellent control effect on Leptochloa chinensis,Cyperus difformis,Ammannia arenaria and Lindernia procumbens.10%pyriminobac-methyl WP 450 g∕hm^(2) had excellent control effect on Echinochloa crusgalli.The combination of the Pyraclonil and pyriminobac-methyl could effectively expand the herbicide spectrum and be safely applied in mechanical wet direct-seeding rice field.For the main weeds in rice fields,such as Echinochloa crusgalli,Leptochloa chinensis,Cyperus difformis,Ammannia arenaria and Lindernia procumbens,the control effect of 4%Pyraclonil SC 1500 mL∕hm^(2)+300 g∕L pretilachlor EC 1125 mL∕hm^(2) or 4%Pyraclonil SC 1500 mL∕hm^(2)+10%pyriminobac-methyl WP 375 g∕hm^(2) was up to 96.7%—100%,and there were no adverse effects on rice seedling rate,plant height,and aboveground fresh weight.Compared with the conventional herbicide 30%bensulfuron-methyl·pretilachlor OD 1500 mL∕hm^(2)+special safener 375 mL∕hm^(2),there was no significant difference in the control effect and safety of the main weeds in rice fields,and could be used interchangeably in production.

关 键 词：机械水直播稻田 芽前除草剂 随播随用 除草活性 安全性 

分 类 号：S451.21[农业科学—植物保护]