断奶时间对低初生重犊牛生长性能、腹泻率及血清生化和免疫指标的影响  

Effects of weaning time on growth performance,diarrhea rate and serum biochemical and immunological indexes of calves with low birth weight

作　　者：马丽娜 高总元 高海慧 康晓冬 梁小军 Ma Li'na;Gao Zongyuan;Gao Haihui;Kang Xiaodong;Liang Xiaojun(Institute of Animal Science,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Ningxia Yinchuan 750002;Ningxia Shizuishan National Agricultural Science and Technology Park Management Committee,Ningxia Shizuishan 750036)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院动物科学研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]宁夏石嘴山国家农业科技园区管理委员会,宁夏石嘴山750036

出　　处：《现代畜牧兽医》2023年第8期33-36,共4页Modern Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：犊牛培育技术研究(NGSB-2021-12-04);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-37)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探究断奶时间对初生体重小安格斯犊牛生长发育、腹泻和血液生化指标的影响,为犊牛科学饲养提供参考。选择初生体重(28.37±5.54)kg、日龄相近的安格斯犊牛,随机分为3组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头牛。所有犊牛7日龄起进行早期隔栏补饲,试验1组犊牛2月龄进行断奶,试验2组犊牛3月龄进行断奶,试验3组犊牛4月龄断奶。试验期180 d。结果显示,试验3组犊牛6月龄体重明显高于其他组(P<0.05);采食量极显著高于试验1组(P<0.01),显著高于试验2组(P<0.05)。试验3组犊牛粪便评分和发病率极显著低于试验1组(P<0.01),显著低于试验2组(P<0.05)。试验3组犊牛血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)和白蛋白(ALB)含量极显著高于试验1组、试验2组(P<0.01),肿瘤坏死因子-γ(TNF-γ)、生长激素(GH)含量及谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著高于试验1组、试验2组(P<0.05)。研究表明,初生重较小的安格斯犊牛饲养到4月龄、体重达到130.98 kg左右时断奶,发病率和粪便评分显著降低,免疫性能增强。The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effects of weaning time on growth,diarrhea and blood biochemical indexes of baby Angus calves at birth weight,and to provide reference for scientific feeding of calves.Angus calves with birth weight of(28.37±5.54)kg and similar age were randomly divided into three groups with 10 replicates ineach group and one calve in each replicate.All the calves were fed at 7 d of age with early enclosure supplementation.The calves in group 1 were weaned at 2 months of age,the calves in group 2 were weaned at 3 months of age,and the calves in group 3 were weaned at 4 months of age.The experiment lasted for 180 d.The results showed that the body weight of 6-month-old calves in group 3 was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05).Feed intake was extremely higher than that in group 1(P<0.01)and significantly higher than that in group 2(P<0.05).The fecal score and incidence of calves in group 3 were extremely lower than those in group 1(P<0.01)and significantly lower than those in group 2(P<0.05).The content of IgA and ALB in serum of calves in group 3 were extremely higher than those in group 1 and group 2(P<0.01),and the content of TNF-γ,GH content and AST activity in serum of calves were significantly higher than those in group 1 and group 2(P<0.05).The study indicates that weaning of small newborn Angus calves at 4 months of age with a weight of about 130.98 kg significantly reduces morbidity and fecal score,and increases immune performance.

关 键 词：安格斯犊牛 低初生重 断奶时间 生长性能 腹泻 血液生化 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]