日粮酪氨酸水平对固原乌鸡黑色素生成的影响  

Effect of dietary tyrosine level on melanin production in Guyuan black-bone chicken

作　　者：叶宇恒 高思语 张珠明[1] 王华[1] 赵晶晶[1] 周欣悦 张莉 Ye Yuheng;Gao Siyu;Zhang Zhuming;Wang Hua;Zhao Jingjing;Zhou Xinyue;Zhang Li(Agricultural College,Ningxia University,Ningxia Yinchuan 750021)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《现代畜牧兽医》2023年第8期37-42,共6页Modern Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：宁夏自然基金项目“固原乌鸡体内黑色素的分布特征及其调控因子的表达变化规律(2022AAC03016)”。

摘　　要：研究旨在利用组织学与分子生物学方法观察不同日粮酪氨酸水平对固原乌鸡组织中黑色素与相关酶的影响。选用体况良好、体重相近的4周龄固原乌鸡150只(公、母各半),随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组试验鸡饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中分别添加0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%的L-酪氨酸。试验期8周。结果显示:5组乌鸡组织的黑色素分布情况一致。与对照组相比,0.8%酪氨酸组固原乌鸡的肺脏、气管、腹部皮肤与回肠组织中黑色素颗粒含量均有不同程度的增加。各组乌鸡肝脏中均未观察到黑色素颗粒。与对照组相比,0.4%酪氨酸组乌鸡皮肤、胸肌、小肠中酪氨酸酶的活性显著提高(P<0.05),0.6%酪氨酸组、0.8%酪氨酸组乌鸡皮肤、胸肌、小肠、肝脏与血清中酪氨酸酶的活性均显著提高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,0.2%酪氨酸组固原乌鸡胸肌中黑色素的含量显著提高(P<0.05),0.4%~0.8%酪氨酸组乌鸡皮肤、肝脏、胸肌、小肠中黑色素的含量显著提高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,0.4%~0.8%酪氨酸组固原乌鸡血清中促黑素细胞激素活性显著提高(P<0.05)。研究表明,日粮添加0.4%~0.8%酪氨酸能够提高固原乌鸡组织中黑色素含量及相关酶活性。The aim of the study was to observe the effects of tyrosine levels on melanin and related enzymes in Guyuan black-bone chickens by histological and molecular biological methods.A total of 150 four-week-old Guyuan black-bone chickens(half male and half female)with good body condition and similar body weight were selected.They were randomly divided into five groups with three replicates per group and 10 chickens per replicate.Chickens in control group were fed with basal diet,and those in the experimental groups were fed with basal diet supplemented with 0.2%,0.4%,0.6%and 0.8%L-tyrosine,respectively.The trial lasted for 8 w.The results showed that the distribution of melanin in the five groups was consistent.Compared with control group,the content of melanin particles in lung,trachea,abdominal skin and ileum of Guyuan black-bone chickens in 0.8%tyrosine level group was increased to varying degrees.No melanin granules were observed in the liver of all groups.Compared with control group,the tyrosinase activities in skin,pectoral muscle and small intestine of black-bone chickens in 0.4%tyrosine group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the tyrosinase activity in skin,pectoral muscle,small intestine,liver and serum of black chickens in 0.6%tyrosine group and 0.8%tyrosine group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the melanin content in chest muscle of Guyuan black-bone chickens in 0.2%tyrosine group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the melanin content in skin,liver,chest muscle and small intestine of black-bone chickens in 0.4%to 0.8%tyrosine groups was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the serum melanocyte-stimulating hormone activity of Guyuan black-bone chickens in 0.4%~0.8%tyrosine group was significantly increased(P<0.05).The study indicates that supplementation of 0.4%~0.8%tyrosine can increase the content of melanin and related enzyme activity in the tissues of Guyuan black-bone chickens.

关 键 词：固原乌鸡 酪氨酸 黑色素 酪氨酸酶 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]