2021年重庆市制造业噪声作业女工听力健康状况分析  

Analysis of hearing health status of female workers exposed to noise in manufacturing industry in Chongqing City in 2021

作　　者：金楠[1] 龙佳琪 赵奇[1] 徐川翔 邱翠娟 袁方[1] 张华东[1] JIN Nan;LONG Jiaqi;ZHAO Qi;XU Chuanxiang;QIU Cuijuan;YUAN Fang;ZHANG Huadong(Department of Occupational Health and Radiological Health,Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 400042,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]重庆市疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与放射卫生所,重庆400042 [2]重庆医科大学公共卫生学院/医学与社会发展研究中心

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2023年第4期556-559,564,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

基　　金：重庆市科卫联合医学科研项目(2020FYYX088)。

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市制造业噪声作业女工听力健康状况,为进一步改进女工职业健康防护措施提供参考依据。方法将2021年“职业病与健康危害因素监测信息系统”中用工单位属于重庆市辖区内的职业健康检查个案卡导出,选择28761名制造业噪声作业的在岗女工为研究对象,分析其听力健康状况。结果女工听力损失、高频听阈提高、语频听阈提高检出率分别为4.43%、56.49%和25.80%。多因素二元logistic回归分析结果显示,民营企业、小型企业、年龄增长、接噪工龄增加均为听力损失的危险因素(P<0.01)。高频听阈提高、语频听阈提高检出率均随着年龄的增长而增加,高频听阈提高检出率随着接躁工龄增加而增加(P<0.01)。结论重庆市制造业噪声作业的在岗女工听力健康状况并不乐观,需要采取有效的防护措施,保障噪声作业女工的职业健康权益。Objective To know the hearing status of female workers exposed to noise in manufacturing in Chongqing City,and to provide reference for the proposal of occupational health protection measures for female workers.Methods Exporting the occupational health inspection case card of the employing unit under the jurisdiction of Chongqing Municipality in“Occupational Disease and Health Hazards Monitoring Information System”in 2021.A total of 28761 female workers exposed to noise working in manufacturing were selected as the study objects to analyze their hearing health status.Results The detection rates of hearing loss,increased high frequency hearing threshold,and increased speech frequency hearing threshold for female workers were 4.43%,56.49% and 25.80% respectively.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that private enterprises,small enterprises,increase of age,and increase of the years of noise exposure were all risk factors for hearing loss(P<0.01).The detection rate of increased high frequency hearing threshold and increased speech frequency hearing threshold both increased with age,the detection rate of increased high frequency hearing threshold increased with years of noise exposure(P<0.01).Conclusion The hearing status of female workers exposed to noise in manufacturing in Chongqing City is not optimistic,and effective protective measures are needed to protect the occupational health rights of female workers exposed to noise.

关 键 词：噪声 听了损伤 制造业 女工 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]