基于正逆压电效应的高能效振动半主动控制方法  

High energy efficiency semi-active vibration control approach based on bidirectional piezoelectric effects

作　　者：虞丽塬 吴义鹏[1] 刘轩[1] 裘进浩[1] 季宏丽[1] YU Li-yuan;WU Yi-peng;LIU Xuan;QIU Jin-hao;JI Hong-li(State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学航空航天结构力学及控制全国重点实验室,江苏南京210016

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2023年第4期996-1004,共9页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51705251);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(NS2021006)。

摘　　要：基于同步开关阻尼(Synchronous Switch Damping,SSD)技术的压电振动半主动控制方法主要利用控制电路中的同步开关和等效LC振荡电路,实现压电电压的同步翻转,使得压电驱动力始终和结构振动速度同相位,用较低的能耗高效地抑制结构振动。然而常见的压电驱动元件如压电叠堆、压电纤维复合材料等,其允许工作电压变化范围是不对称的,采用对称翻转的SSD技术难以充分利用压电元件的机电转化性能。提出了一种基于双向压电效应的SSD技术,通过对压电电压上翻时注能、下翻时吸能的操作,最大化控制系统能效,并充分匹配压电元件的机电转化潜能。介绍了所提SSD方法的工作原理,推导了非对称翻转条件下结构的振动衰减模型,实现了非对称翻转SSD控制电路,并通过实验进行了验证。研究结果表明,所提SSD方法可以通过控制注能开关占空比及吸能电路等效负载自适应地调节压电电压的上、下翻转因子,最终实现高能效的结构振动衰减效果。Synchronous Switch Damping(SSD)technology based piezoelectric semi-active vibration control approach can suppress the structural vibration efficiently with relative lower energy consumption,through using the synchronous switches and the equiva⁃lent LC oscillators in control circuits,synchronously inversing the piezoelectric voltage and making it always in the same phase with the structural vibration speed.However,the allowable operation voltage ranges of common piezoelectric driving elements,such as piezoelectric stacks and macro fiber composites,are asymmetric.Hence the symmetrical inversion of SSD approaches is hard to make full use of the electromechanical conversion performance of piezoelectric elements.Therefore,this paper proposes a novel SSD approach based on the bidirectional piezoelectric effect,which maximizes the energy efficiency of the control system and fully matches the electromechanical conversion potential of piezoelectric elements.The approach is realized through the operation of energy injection when the piezoelectric voltage is positively inversed and energy extraction when it is negatively inversed.The working principle of the proposed SSD method is introduced,the vibration attenuation model of the piezoelectric structure under the asymmetric inversion condition is derived,the practical asymmetric inversed SSD control circuit is implemented and the all the results are validated by the experiments.The obtained results show that the proposed SSD method can adaptively adjust the posi⁃tive and negative inversion factors of the piezoelectric voltage by controlling the duty cycle of the energy injection switch and the equivalent load of the energy absorbing circuit,finally achieve a high energy-efficient structural vibration attenuation effect.

关 键 词：振动控制 振动能量收集 同步开关阻尼 压电 反激变压器 

分 类 号：TB535[理学—物理]