轮胎中低频噪声的降噪结构设计及性能分析  

Design and performance analysis of low frequency noise reduction structure in tire

作　　者：刘晓昂[1,2] 焦湘和 张曲 甄冬 上官文斌[4] LIU Xiao-ang;JIAO Xiang-he;ZHANG Qu;ZHEN Dong;SHANGGUAN Wen-bin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300130,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Power Transmission and Safety Technology for New Energy Vehicles,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300130,China;Ningbo Tuopu Group Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315800,China;School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学机械工程学院,天津300130 [2]河北工业大学天津市新能源汽车动力传动与安全技术重点实验室,天津300130 [3]宁波拓普集团股份有限公司,浙江宁波315800 [4]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广东广州510641

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2023年第4期1005-1014,共10页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52175084,U20A20331);天津市科技计划项目(22YDTPJC00010)。

摘　　要：针对轮胎中低频(500~2000 Hz)噪声的吸收问题,设计了一种组合吸声结构,该结构由多孔材料和卷绕空腔结构组成。结合多孔材料和卷绕空腔的吸声原理,建立了组合式吸声结构的理论分析模型,推导了模型吸声系数表达式;利用有限元分析法,分析了组合式吸声结构在中低频频段内的吸声性能。结果表明,组合吸声结构在500~2000 Hz频段内吸声性能良好,在1092 Hz频率附近出现吸声峰值,接近完美吸声。相较于单一的多孔材料,该组合式吸声结构的吸声性能有了较大的提升;通过改变组合式吸声结构中多孔材料体积占比,研究了吸声性能的变化规律,通过绘制反射系数的复频率平面分布情况,并结合声阻抗匹配条件分析了结构的吸声机理;在阻抗管中对该组合式吸声结构进行吸声测试,验证了理论解析模型和有限元模型的正确性。将组合吸声结构与毛毡轮罩材料叠加,研究了叠加后的吸声性能,并提出了进一步提升吸声性能的措施。该组合吸声结构的吸声峰值频率可根据多孔材料体积占比调控,且总体厚度小,在轮胎中低频噪声控制中具有一定的效果。Aiming at the problem of low frequency(500~2000 Hz)noise absorption in the tire,a combined sound absorption struc⁃ture is designed,which is composed of porous material and coiled-up cavity structure.Combined with the sound absorption princi⁃ple of porous material and coiled-up cavity,the theoretical analysis model of the combined sound absorption structure is estab⁃lished,and the expression of the sound absorption coefficient of the model is deduced.The sound absorption performance of the combined sound absorption structure in the middle and low frequency range is analyzed by using the finite element method.The re⁃sults show that the sound absorption performance of the combined sound absorption structure is good in the frequency range of 500 Hz to 2000 Hz,and the sound absorption peak appears around the frequency of 1092 Hz,which is close to perfect.Compared with the single porous material,the sound absorption performance of the combined sound absorption structure has been greatly im⁃proved.By changing the volume proportion of porous materials in the combined structure,the change rule of sound absorption per⁃formance is studied.The sound absorption mechanism of the structure is analyzed by plotting the complex frequency plane distribu⁃tion of reflection coefficient and combining with the acoustic impedance matching condition.Then the combined sound absorption structure is tested in an impedance tube,and the correctness of the theoretical analytical model and the finite element model is veri⁃fied.Finally,the combined sound absorption structure is superimposed on the felt wheel cover material,and the sound absorption performance of the superimposed structure is studied,and the measures to further improve the sound absorption performance are proposed.The peak sound absorption frequency of the combined sound absorption structure can be adjusted according to the vol⁃ume proportion of the porous material,and the overall thickness is small,so it has certain application effect in the low frequency noise

关 键 词：轮胎噪声 多孔材料 卷绕空腔 组合吸声结构 吸声系数 

分 类 号：TB535[理学—物理] TB533.2[理学—声学]