考虑车轮多边形演化的动车组轴箱轴承载荷及寿命分析  

Analysis of load and life of EMU axle box bearing considering wheel polygonization evolution

作　　者：杨晨 池茂儒[1] 吴兴文[2] 蔡吴斌 周亚波 梁树林[1] YANG Chen;CHI Mao-ru;WU Xing-wen;CAI Wu-bin;ZHOU Ya-bo;LIANG Shu-lin(State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;Center for System Reliability and Safety,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031 [3]电子科技大学系统可靠性与安全性研究中心,四川成都611731

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2023年第4期1146-1155,共10页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51805450);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFE0201401-01);中国科协青年托举工程资助项目(2019QNRC001);四川省应用基础研究资助项目(2020YJ0075)。

摘　　要：以某型250 km/h级动车组为研究对象,考虑轴箱轴承的时变刚度特性、轮对轴箱与轨道的柔性,建立了轴承-车辆-轨道刚柔耦合动力学模型,研究了实测车轮多边形演化下轴承滚道载荷与疲劳寿命的发展规律,揭示了车轮多边形对轴承载荷的影响机理。结果表明,随着运营里程的增加,车轮多边形磨耗幅值总体上不断增大,导致轴箱轴承外滚道接触载荷最大值与8和9号滚道的接触载荷标准差均呈现增长趋势;轴承每千米的损伤值也会不断增大,最高可达1.4×10^(-7),额定寿命则会不断减少;车轮经过镟修后,外滚道最大接触载荷降低了14%,9号滚道载荷标准差降低了56%,轴承每千米的损伤值降低了39%,故及时镟轮可以明显改善滚道载荷环境,延长轴承寿命。此外,当车轮多边形通过频率与钢轨局部弯曲模态产生耦合后,轴承载荷会更加恶劣。因此,针对该型动车组,在运行1.5×10^(5)km后,应适当增加车轮不平顺的检测频次,并重点关注14,15,25和26阶多边形磨耗幅值。Taking a certain type of 250 km/h EMU as the research object,a bearing-vehicle-track rigid-flexible coupled dynamic model was established,which considered the time-varying stiffness of the bearing,the flexibility of the wheelset,axle box and track.The development laws of bearing raceway load and fatigue life in the presence of measured wheel polygonization evolution were inves⁃tigated,and the influence mechanism of wheel polygonization on bearing load was revealed.The results show that the amplitude of wheel polygon wear grows with the increase of operating mileage,which causes the increase of maximum contact load of the outer raceway and the load standard deviation of the No.8 and No.9 raceways.The damage value of bearing per kilometer will also in⁃crease,up to 1.4×10^(−7),and the fatigue life continues to decrease.After the re-profiling,the maximum contact load of the outer race⁃way is reduced by 14%,the load standard deviation of the No.9 raceway is reduced by 56%,and the damage value of the bearing per kilometer is reduced by 39%.Re-profiling the wheel in time can thus obviously improve the raceway load environment and prolong bearing life.In addition,when wheel polygonization passing frequency is coupled with the local bending mode of the rail,the bearing load will be more severe.Therefore,the detection density of wheel irregularity should be appropriately increased after 150000 km run⁃ning for the EMU,and the wear amplitude of 14th,15th,25th and 26th order polygonization should be paid more attention.

关 键 词：动车组 轴箱轴承 车辆动力学 车轮多边形演化 载荷 寿命 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程] U271.91[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]