川渝地区塔罗科血橙新系炭疽病的病原鉴定及其遗传多样性分析  

Pathogen identification and genetic diversity analysis of anthracnose on Citrus sinensis cv.Tarocco in Sichuan and Chongqing area

作　　者：陈泉 羊炼 黄仁军 冯小华 何锦辉 CHEN Quan;YANG Lian;HUANG Ren-jun;FENG Xiao-hua;HE Jin-hui(Chongqing Three Gorges Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wanzhou,Chongqing 404155,China;Plant Protection and Fruit Tree Technology Popularization Station in Wanzhou District of Chongqing,Wanzhou,Chongqing 404155,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡农业科学院,重庆万州404155 [2]重庆市万州区植物保护与果树技术推广站,重庆万州404155

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2023年第7期1415-1423,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金项目(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0750)。

摘　　要：【目的】调查分析重庆、四川两地引起塔罗科血橙新系炭疽病的病原及其遗传结构,以探索更精准高效的炭疽病防控方法,减少柑橘生产的经济损失。【方法】通过病菌形态学鉴定,以及PCR扩增ITS和GDPH基因序列分析,对我国四川和重庆两个主产区的塔罗科血橙新系进行炭疽病病原鉴定及其遗传多样性分析。【结果】①从四川、重庆采集的50份塔罗科血橙新系叶片、枝条和果实炭疽病菌疑似样品中总共分离到41个胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)菌株。②依据培养特征、分生孢子形态和致病力差异,将病菌分为Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型和Ⅳ型共4个类型,不同类型菌株的占比分别为73.17%、17.07%、4.88%和4.88%。Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型菌株接种塔罗科血橙新系果实后的发病率达100%,而Ⅰ型和Ⅳ型菌株接种塔罗科血橙新系果实后的发病率均为88.9%。其中,Ⅱ型平均病斑直径最大,为1.7 cm,而Ⅳ型菌株平均病斑直径最小,仅为0.6 cm,4个类型菌株接种塔罗科血橙新系果实后形成的平均病斑直径差异显著(P<0.05),而不同菌株致病性的差异与菌株地理来源、分离部位无明显相关性。③遗传多样性分析显示,以ITS为靶标无法有效揭示柑橘胶孢炭疽菌的遗传变异,而以GDPH为靶标则可将柑橘胶孢炭疽菌分为4个类群,其聚类结果与形态学分类结果及致病性测定结果一致。柑橘胶孢炭疽菌的遗传进化与地理来源、分离部位均无明显相关性。【结论】明确了采集的川渝两地塔罗科血橙新系炭疽病病原菌为胶孢炭疽菌,不同类型的塔罗科血橙新系炭疽病菌菌株的形态特点和致病力存在差异,并且菌株存在遗传变异,为川渝两地塔罗科血橙新系炭疽病绿色高效防控和抗病品种选育提供一定的理论基础。【Objective】The present paper aimed to investigate and analyze the pathogen and genetic structure of anthracnose on Citrus sinensis cv.Tarocco in Chongqing and Sichuan,thus exploring more accurate and efficient methods of anthrax control for reducing the economic loss in citrus production.【Method】The pathogen identification and genetic diversity analysis of C.sinensis cv.Tarocco from Sichuan and Chongqing were studied by morphological identification and PCR amplification of ITS and GDPH gene sequences analysis.【Result】(i)A total of 41 Colletotrichum gloeosporioides strains were isolated from 50 suspected samples from leaves,branches,and fruits of C.sinensis cv.Tarocco collected in Sichuan and Chongqing.(ii)There were four kinds of culture characteristics and conidium morphology and identified as pathogenicity test analysis,including typeⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢandⅣ,which respectively accounted for 73.17%,17.07%,4.88%and 4.88%.Pathogenicity test result suggested that pathogenicity differentiation existed for isolates tested.The incidence of anthracnose for typeⅡandⅢstrains reached 100%and of which for the typeⅠandⅣstrains all got 88.9%.The average diameter of lesions of typeⅡwas the largest(1.7 cm),while that of typeⅣwas the smallest(0.6 cm).There was significant differences(P0.05)of the average diameter of lesions among the four types of strains after the inoculation on fruits of C.sinensis cv.Tarocco.Furthermore,there was no obvious correlation between the pathogenicity strength of trains,the geographical origin and the site of host.(iii)Genetic diversity analysis of ITS and GDPH sequences revealed that it could not effectively reveal the genetic variation of C.gloeosporioides,while that of GDPH sequences indicated that the isolated 41 strains could be divided into four groups of which the phylogenetic analysis was highly consistent with morphological classification and pathogenicity.The genetic differentiation of C.gloeosporioides isolated from C.sinensis cv.Tarocco in Sichuan and Chongqing area was

关 键 词：塔罗科血橙新系 炭疽病 胶孢炭疽菌 病原鉴定 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S436.661.14[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]