面向跨水空介质通信的雷达水表面声波提取  

Radar extraction of water surface acoustic wave for underwater-to-air communications

作　　者：符晓磊 夏伟杰[1] 董诗琦 FU Xiaolei;XIA Weijie;DONG Shiqi(College of Electronical and Information Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院,江苏南京211106

出　　处：《声学技术》2023年第4期452-461,共10页Technical Acoustics

摘　　要：由于水空介质的非连续性,空中电磁波和水下声波都无法跨越该介质边界,所以无中继器跨水空介质通信一直是研究中的难点。水下声波会引起水空边界的微小振动即水表面声波(Water Surface Acoustic Wave,WSAW),而毫米波雷达能够实现对微动信号的高精度探测,因此文章提出了基于级联成像调频连续波(Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave,FMCW)雷达提取WSAW信号的方法。首先研究了WSAW的基本特征及FMCW雷达微动信号的提取原理;其次采用线性调频的水下声信号并结合匹配滤波技术来提高输出信噪比,针对大幅度自然扰动,提出了一种多角度积累结合阈值相位补偿的信号增强算法;最后在不同波高的扰动下进行实验,结果表明在1.5 cm的自然波动干扰下仍能提取WSAW信号,成像FMCW雷达偏过一定角度也能有效地进行通信,验证了文中所提方法的有效性。Due to the discontinuity of water-air medium,neither the aerial electromagnetic wave nor the underwater acoustic wave can cross the water-air interface.Therefore,the communication across the water-air interface without a relay transceiver is always a research difficulty.However,the underwater acoustic wave will induce a small vibration at the water-air interface,namely water surface acoustic wave(WSAW),and the millimeter-wave radar can realize high-precision detection of micro-motion signals.Therefore,a new method for extracting WSAW signals based on cascaded imaging Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave(FMCW)radar is proposed in this paper.Firstly,the basic characteristics of WSAW and the theory of extracting the micro-motion signals with FMCW radar are studied,and secondly,the technique of underwater chirp acoustic signal combined with matched filtering technology is used to improve signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal.In response to large natural disturbances,a signal enhancement algorithm which combines the multi-angle accumulation with threshold phase compensation is put forward.Finally,the experiment is carried out under the disturbance of different wave heights,which verifies the effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper.It also indicates that the WSAW signal can still be extracted successfully under the natural wave with 1.5 cm wave height,and verifies that this system can also communicate effectively when the imaging FMCW radar deviates from the horizontal position,which validates the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关 键 词：跨水空介质通信 级联成像调频连续波(FMCW)雷达 水表面声波(WSAW) 匹配滤波 

分 类 号：TN911.7[电子电信—通信与信息系统]