车轮钢闪光对焊工艺参数对焊接接头性能的影响  

Effect of Flash Butt Welding Process Parameters on Mechanical Properties of Welded Joints in Wheel Steel

作　　者：王金凤 苏文超 车亚军 袁耀 黄哲凯 黄利明 刘峰 WANG Jin-feng;SU Wen-chao;CHE Ya-jun;YUAN Yao;HUANG Zhe-kai;HUANG Li-ming;LIU Feng(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hubei University of Automotive Technology,Hubei Shiyan 442002,China;Dongfeng Motor Parts and Components Group Co.,Ltd.,Hubei Shiyan 442016,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北汽车工业学院材料科学与工程学院,湖北十堰442002 [2]东风汽车零部件(集团)有限公司,湖北十堰442016

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2023年第9期108-116,共9页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室开放课题基金(AWJ-23M25);中央引导地方科技专项基金(2019ZYYD023)。

摘　　要：目的以380CL车轮钢为研究对象,分析其闪光对焊工艺参数与焊接接头组织和力学性能的关系,为解决车轮焊后开裂问题提供技术支持。方法利用正交实验法对厚度为7 mm、宽度为380 mm的380CL热轧钢板进行闪光对焊工艺优化,利用正交实验表L9(34)设计实验方案,以焊接后接头的抗拉强度和冲击韧性为考核指标,选择初始烧化速度、初始烧化加速度、顶锻距离和顶锻速度4个参数为实验因素,并忽略各因素之间的相互影响,每个因素选择3个水平进行正交实验。通过拉伸实验和冲击实验对焊接接头的力学性能进行评估。结果初始烧化加速度对接头抗拉强度的影响最大,初始烧化速度对接头冲击吸收功的影响最大,优化后获得的最优工艺参数组合如下:初始烧化速度为1.5mm/s,初始烧化加速度为0.05mm/s^(2),顶锻距离为6mm,顶锻速度为40mm/s。结论焊接接头的抗拉强度高于母材的抗拉强度,而断后伸长率比母材的低。在焊接接头中焊缝金属区主要为粗大的铁素体和少量珠光体,焊接热影响区的铁素体和珠光体均有所长大,且存在魏氏体组织。The work aims to analyze the relationship between 380CL wheel steel’s flash butt welding process parameters as well as microstructure and mechanical properties of welded joints,so as to provide technical support for solving the cracking of wheels after welding.The 380CL hot-rolled steel plate with thickness of 7 mm and width of 380 mm was optimized by flash butt welding through orthogonal experiment.The experiment scheme was designed based on orthogonal experimental table L9(34).The tensile strength and impact toughness of the welded joints were used as assessment indicators,the four parameters of initial firing speed,initial firing acceleration,upsetting distance and upsetting speed were selected as experimen-tal factors.Without considering the effects among factors,three levels for each factor were selected to conduct the orthogonal experiment.The initial firing acceleration had the greatest effect on the tensile strength and the initial firing speed had the greatest effect on the impact energy absorbed by the joint.The optimum combination of levels was obtained by optimizing the initial firing speed of 1.5 mm/s,the initial firing acceleration of 0.05 mm/s^(2),the upsetting distance of 6 mm and the up-setting speed of 40 mm/s.The results show that the tensile strength of the welded joints is higher than that of the base metal,while its elongation after fracture is reduced compared with that of the base metal.Weld metal in the welded joint is mainly coarse ferrite and a small amount of pearlite.Both ferrite and pearlite in the heat affected zone of welding grow,and there is weissite organization.

关 键 词：380CL车轮钢 闪光对焊 正交实验 力学性能 微观组织 

分 类 号：TG44[金属学及工艺—焊接]